Drying and gas or vapor contact with solids – Process – With contacting of material treated with solid or liquid agent
Patent
1996-07-02
1998-03-10
Sollecito, John M.
Drying and gas or vapor contact with solids
Process
With contacting of material treated with solid or liquid agent
34401, 34593, 34 59, 34147, 34179, F26B 300
Patent
active
057247510
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a method of drying materials, as disclosed in the preamble of Patent Claim 1. The invention further relates to a device for Implementation of the drying organic or inorganic materials or mixtures thereof, said materials containing one or more liquids, wherein drying is carried out by removing said liquid or liquids as atomized droplets from the solid material and apparatus for carrying out said method.
Thus the invention relates to a method of removing liquids (drying) from various atomized organic or Inorganic materials by transforming part of the liquids into mist acting as vapour or gas, thus saving evaporation heat, reducing energy consumption dramatically compared to pure evaporation of the same liquids.
In principle, all the techniques or processes of the prior art relating to the removal of liquids from such atomized materials are based either on mechanical separation through cetrifugation, sedimentation etc., or some other form of total evaporation of the liquids in the material. This invention aims to show a new way of removing liquids from the materials described in the literature as drying, after part of the liquids may have been removed by the first-mentioned techniques.
The literature cites a number of different drying systems, in general comprising various ways of supplying energy to the materials with a view to evaporation of the liquids. The reason for this need for different techniques has to do with the type of material, the atomization of the particles, the type of liquid, and not least the thermodynamic values of the materials throughout the process.
The simplest and most trivial kind of drying is seen in the outdoor drying of washing. Here the clothes are dried under the influence of sun and wind.
Amongst others, the prior art comprises the following drying methods and processes:
Rotary drying, where the energy is either supplied through a flame blown into the dryer--a so-called through-heat dryer, or by means of thermal conductance elements of various designs (pipes, plates etc.)--a so-called oil or steam dryer.
Fluidized dryer which normally consists of a vertical cylinder with a cloth, or some other perforated plate in the bottom, through which is blown some kind of heated gas, heating the material and expelling the liquids through evaporation.
There is furthermore infrared dryer where the energy is delivered as infrared radiation, different types of tunnel furnaces, and so-called "turbo-driers" where the material is dried in a vertical cylinder by means of spinning fans and a countercurrent of hot air or some other heated gas.
The processes which are well known from the prior art and described in detail in a number of textbooks such as PERRY'S CHEMICAL ENGINEERING HANDBOOK, are used for a number of drying purposes.
The problem with all the methods is that the evaporation of the liquids requires so much energy that the finished product would normally need to be of a considerable commercial value, far in excess of the drying cost.
However, there are now a number of different mixtures of materials/liquids where this is not the case; nevertheless it would be a great advantage for various reasons to dry these, notably for environmental reasons. Such mixtures of materials/liquids might for example include: and the food industry etc.
Most of these materials are characterized by being normally regarded as waste, thus being normally viewed as not worth the costly drying-by-evaporation process.
The objective of the present invention is to provide a process or a method of drying such materials using less energy than current drying processes, in that the liquids are not evaporated but removed through the transformation of a considerable portion of the said liquids into mist.
In the evaporation of a liquid, the energy requirements are expressed by the following equation: the specific heat of the liquid in J/k .degree.C. and dt is the temperature difference between the evaporation temperature and the initial temperature of the liquid.
In evaporation of water, the equatio
REFERENCES:
patent: 3395905 (1968-08-01), Isheim et al.
patent: 3808701 (1974-05-01), Bachmann
patent: 4173608 (1979-11-01), Soulier
patent: 4860462 (1989-08-01), Gobel
English Translation of Text From p. 5, line 26 through p. 6, line 8 of WO 9311396.
Gravini Steve
Sollecito John M.
Thermtech A/S
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