Process and apparatus for determining the percentage of a liquid

Measuring and testing – Liquid analysis or analysis of the suspension of solids in a... – Content or effect of a constituent of a liquid mixture

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Details

73 613, 374 54, G01K 716, G01N 2718

Patent

active

045892776

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a process for determining when a given percentage acting as a limiting value of a portion of a particular liquid contained in a liquid mixture is reached or exceeded, the portion having a lower evaporation temperature than the rest of the liquid, particularly for determining the water contained in a brake fluid, as well as a device for executing the process.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Aforesaid processes and devices, particularly for determining the percentage limiting value of a brake fluid, are known which are based on the established fact that by increasing the water content in the brake fluid the boiling point of this fluid or liquid mixture is reduced, and thus represents a measurement for the portion of the water contained in the brake fluid.
With the known processes, a sample is always taken from the liquid and heated in a test chamber, until vaporization takes place in connection with a temperature measurement and an admission check of the test chamber, so as to obtain the temperature measurement as a measurement for the boiling point when the fluid is displaced by the steam from the test chamber (DE-OS No. 27 21 732).
With a different process (EU-OS No. 0 056 424), a sample is also taken from the liquid by means of a measuring probe and heated whereby the temperature and the temperature change in time of the heating element located in the sample is measured, and the temperature reached during a temperature change in time is registered as a measurement for the boiling point of the brake fluid.
These known processes require sample taking for each measurement, the samples being separated from the greater part of the liquid mixture and returned to it after completion of the measurement. The separation of the sample, as well as its transfer to a pressure chamber, and its heating up to a specific steam volume in the pressure chamber, which is required for each measurement, is costly and relatively complicated, and requires a relatively long time interval for heating and cooling of the sample.


OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide an improved process and apparatus in which the necessary measurements can be conducted by means of a sensor which is immersible into the liquid mixture, i.e., without having to separate a sample fluid for each test process, enabling simultaneously a short sequence of checks.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention is based on the established fact that when heating an electric resistance wire located in the liquid mixture, which has a positive temperature coefficient, an almost sudden change in resistance occurs, whereby the evaporation temperature of the liquid mixture is exceeded, with the consequence that spontaneous change in time interval for the energy conversion can be measured, or converted energy quantity is noticeable.
As the boiling point temperature of the liquid mixture changes as a function of the portion of the liquid having a lower evaporation temperature, the resistance wire can be heated in excess of the boiling point temperature by supplying an appropriate given energy quantity to the wire.
Starting out on the basis of these facts, it is, according to the invention, merely necessary, when a percentage limiting value of the portion of the liquid having a lower evaporation temperature is given, to determine the region of energy quantities supplied to the resistance wire located in the representative sample of the liquid mixture, within which the time intervals for the energy conversion change noticeably, and then to supply the energy quantities used in the sample to the resistance wire located in the liquid mixture, whereby the time intervals for the energy conversion change noticeably, and to compare the time intervals for the energy conversion with those of the sample. As long as the given percentage limiting value of the portion of the fluid having a lower evaporation temperature is not reached, energy conversion times are measured in the liquid mixture which deviate noti

REFERENCES:
patent: 1836316 (1931-12-01), Esau
patent: 2779189 (1957-01-01), Corneil
patent: 4106331 (1978-08-01), Bunton et al.
patent: 4220041 (1980-09-01), Potter
patent: 4408902 (1983-10-01), Peuker
patent: 4501145 (1985-02-01), Boegli et al.

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