Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture – Methods – Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Patent
1994-04-28
1996-01-09
Ball, Michael W.
Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
Methods
Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
156 92, 156293, 52295, 411 82, 411258, E21B 3300, B29C 6554
Patent
active
054825830
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention is predominantly directed to a process for anchoring securing elements in drill holes, particularly screws, nails, anchors, clamp irons, and bolts, by using two-component adhesives and metal enforcement. The invention is particularly useful in older, renovation-requiring drill holes in sleepers of track systems as well as in drill holes in floors, walls or ceilings made of wood, concrete, steel or brickwork. In the following specification and claims, sleepers, floors, walls, and ceilings will be referred to as supports.
One process for securing screws or nails, particularly sleeper screws or sleeper nails in material which can deteriorate is known from German Patent 1,948,339 and the Additional Application 2,413,479. Herein, specifically formed clamp pieces or tube-shaped wire meshes or wire grids are used as metal reinforcement. This process has proven useful in practice, but only in cases where the dimensions of the drill hole and the metal reinforcement are well-balanced with respect to each other. For optimum securing, drill holes having different drill hole diameters require differently dimensioned metal reinforcement. As such work most frequently is carried out by unskilled or semi-skilled personnel, there is the danger of improper metal reinforcement choice and thus, unsatisfactory results. Another drawback of the known process is that the screws once tightened using the desired torque are intended not to be loosened again. However, subsequent to the initial tightening, it is often desired to re-loosen the screw and to make corrections on the system to be secured.
Another drawback of the known process is that the two-component adhesives must be premixed before they can be filled into the drill hole. Thus, relatively small amounts must be prepared freshly again and again since setting of the completely mixed two-component adhesive will begin within a few minutes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the invention to improve and simplify the known process, avoiding the above-mentioned drawbacks. Moreover, the process of the invention is intended to be suitable for drill holes in ceilings (overhead operation) and walls.
Surprisingly, this object is achieved in that filled up to from half to three quarters with a compressible mixture of highly wear-resistant fibers or chips made of metals, polymers and/or ceramics with an average length smaller than half the drill hole diameter, subsequently, from 1 to 2 drops of a blocker are optionally added, then both adhesive components are introduced successively or simultaneously, and then the residual portion of the required amount of fibers or chips is filled in, or wear-resistant fibers or chips with an average length smaller than half the drill hole diameter and both adhesive components, and the mass is forced into the drill holes which, in extreme cases, are rebored, cleaned and degreased in advance. hole is preformed and subsequently, the securing elements are inserted and optionally secured.
While mode a) of the process according to the invention is suitable for drill holes in track systems, particularly in sleepers requiring renovation, or drill holes in floors, mode b) is applied for drill holes in wall and ceiling constructions. For both modes of the process, the support is not significant: it may consist of wood, concrete, steel or brickwork.
The process of the invention does not require pre-mixing the two components of the adhesive. Rather, they may be introduced into the drill hole successively or simultaneously, also in unmixed condition, or may be mixed with said fibers or chips to give the kneadable mass. The additive in the form of fibers or chips which is used according to the invention provides good and sufficient mixing of the components in the drill hole.
Furthermore, the process according to the invention permits the use of screws as the securing elements and allows tightening them using the intended torque. Hereby, an immediate nonpositive joint between screw and drill hole wall results.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2110053 (1938-03-01), Phillips
patent: 4152185 (1979-05-01), Tessenske
patent: 4198793 (1980-04-01), Sato et al.
patent: 4738878 (1988-04-01), Anderson et al.
patent: 4983083 (1991-01-01), Froehlich et al.
patent: 5249898 (1993-10-01), Stepanski et al.
I. Skeist, "Handbook of Adhesives", 2. Auflage, herausgegeben von Van Nostrand Reinhold Cy., New York, US, 1977, Kapitel 26 (Epoxy resin adhesives) und 27 (Polyurethane and Isocyanate-based adhesives), siehe Seite 442, Abschnitt: Fillers, Reinforcements and Other Additives.
Banhardt Volker
Ihle Clausdieter
Ball Michael W.
Yao Sam Chuan
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