Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes – Forming continuous or indefinite length work – Shaping by extrusion
Patent
1980-07-14
1982-12-21
Woo, Jay H.
Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
Forming continuous or indefinite length work
Shaping by extrusion
106165, 106176, 264194, D01F 208
Patent
active
043648908
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a procedure for the preparation of crimped high-wet-modulus (HWM) staple fibres through the addition of alkylated compounds of cyclohexanone or cyclopentanone and/or polyalkylated and amino-group-bearing derivatives of cyclohexane or cyclopentane. The alkyl groups incorporated are preferably methyl or short-chain alkyl groups. These additives can, if desired, be combined with known modifiers for the improvement of strength properties and/or with small amounts of known additives which impart some degree of crimp when otherwise used in high concentrations. Known spinning techniques for the improvement of crimp can be applied without difficulty to fibres prepared according to this procedure.
HWM-fibres are viscose fibres which can replace cotton in a range of applications where it has not been possible to use the earlier rayon staple fibres. They are characterized by high dry and wet tenacity (greater than 3.0 and 2.2 cN/dtex respectively), low elongation (less than 17 and 20% respectively) and high wet modulus (greater than 80 cN/tex/100%). These properties give the finished fabric the necessary dimensional stability and open the way to a complete or partial replacement of cotton in cotton fabrics or mixed fabrics with polyester fibres, fabrics which can be boiled when washed.
HWM-fibres lack certain properties when compared with cotton. In comparison with 100% cotton, mixed yarns and fabrics of cotton-HWM or of polyester-HWM feel lean, i.e. they feel somewhat smooth and harsh and have a somewhat thin appearance (a poorer bulk or covering power). Textiles made solely of HWM-fibres do not feel the same as materials of 100% cotton. They do not have a true cotton feel. This is considered to be a serious disadvantage, even though it may be unimportant for the wear of the garment. It is known that this deficiency can be met by imparting crimp to the HWM-fibres, as a result of which the covering power of the fabric is increased and the garment feels more bulky, softer and more comfortable to wear. One way of imparting built-in crimp to an artificial fibre is to achieve an imbalance in the fibre cross-section, e.g. by spinning a two-component fibre. An easier method as far as rayon fibres are concerned is to make the thickness of the skin uneven around the core and to take advantage of the difference in contraction tendency of the skin and core layers. High crimp, i.e. more than 4 (preferably more than 6) waves/cm, can be achieved in HWM-fibres through of ripening and the spinning conditions, possibly relaxation in weakly alkaline solution, cellulose) to the viscose from which the fibres are subsequently spun, basis of weight of cellulose).
This invention is based on the observation that the addition of cyclic aliphatic compounds, particularly derivatives of cyclohexanone, e.g. 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone (TMC-one), or of cyclopentane or cyclohexane, e.g. 1-amino-2-aminomethyl-3,3,5-trimethylcyclopentane(TMC-PD), 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylamine (TMC-amine), 1-hydroxy-3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane (IPAA) and similar compounds, give both a modifier effect and crimp.
The use of unsubstituted cyclohexanone or cyclohexylamine derivatives as modifiers in super tyrecord spinning is known, but these agents give no crimp in this case. In contrast, it has been established that in the HWM-process cyclohexanone itself imparts a definite albeit small degree of crimp to HWM-fibres. The crimp effect increases with the addition of methyl groups to alkylated cyclohexanone. Thus, HWM-fibres with high tenacity and manifest crimp have been obtained (vide Example 1) by the addition of 0.8% TMC-amine or TMC-one (calculated with reference to the weight of cellulose) instead of the modifiers of the polyethylene glycol or amine type (polyoxyethylene glycol derivatives, alkylaminpolyoxyethylene glycol or simple amines such as dimethylamine) usually used in the preparation of high-wet-modulus fibres spun according to the modifier process.
A further increase in the crimp of HWM-fibres can be achieved throu
REFERENCES:
patent: 2860480 (1958-11-01), Cox
patent: 2910341 (1959-10-01), Cox et al.
patent: 2948582 (1960-08-01), Haley
patent: 3063789 (1962-11-01), Dooley
patent: 3112986 (1963-12-01), Woodell
patent: 3657410 (1972-04-01), Sasakura et al.
Ehrengard Dag E.
Lidbrandt Owe S.
Treiber Erich E.
Svenska Rayon AB
Woo Jay H.
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