Primary fluid actuated, secondary fluid propelling system

Details Primary fluid actuated, secondary fluid propelling system Primary fluid actuated, secondary fluid propelling system

1991-07-25

1993-12-14

Green, Randall L.

Prosthesis (i.e., artificial body members), parts thereof, or ai

Corporeal artificial heart, heart assist , control...

600 16, 417 48, 417395, 623 24, 623 26, A61M 112

Patent

active

052698114

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a primary fluid actuated, secondary fluid propelling system.
There are applications in the pumping of fluids where direct contact between the pumped fluid and parts of the pumping apparatus are undesirable for reasons of adverse effects upon the fluid exposed parts of the pumping apparatus by a particular fluid, such as the corrosion or erosion of pumping parts, or upon the pumped fluid, such as the physical alteration of the fluid under the impact and shearing action of active rotary or reciprocating fluid pumping devices. It is advantageous in such applications to isolate the pumped fluid from direct exposure to such portions of the pumping apparatus which would otherwise be damaged or caused to malfunction by the fluid, or would cause damage to, or otherwise adversely alter, the pumped fluid.
Examples of such applications are the pumping of highly caustic fluids which could damage the pumping apparatus and the pumping of blood which could be adversely altered by the action of the pumping apparatus. Typically with such applications, the pumped fluid is isolated from most of the parts of the pumping apparatus and in particular from such active high speed rotary or reciprocating parts by means of a flexible diaphragm type of interface where this interface is designed to be substantially unaffected by or to cause no significant alteration to the pumped fluid. Many such diaphragm interfaced pump types are commercially available to meet specialized market needs.
The appropriate fluid flow circuit interconnections of the diaphragm interfaced pump chamber(s) and unidirectional flow check valves typically provides the desired fluid, pumping action where the diaphragm interface is cyclically displaced by suitable mechanical, electro-mechanical or, in particular instances, hydraulic fluid means. Hydraulic fluid actuation means for the pump diaphragm is particularly appropriate in the prevention of diaphragm stress concentrations and accordingly in the avoidance of premature diaphragm failure which may be induced by the non-uniform application of force over the diaphragm surface area as is frequently encountered with mechanically displaced diaphragms.
In particular applications of fluid pumps incorporating diaphragm interface(s) between the pumped fluid and the hydraulic actuation means for diaphragm displacement, there is the need for a device having a high degree of operational reliability with minimal preventative maintenance over an extended life span combined with high overall energy efficiency.
Such a need is particularly prominent, for example, in a pumping device applied for use with a human implantable cardiac assist device or with an implantable total artificial heart device. Typically, portable implanted artificial heart and cardiac assist devices are comprised of: blood pumping means appropriately interconnected surgically to the body vascular system, operational regulation of the blood pumping means in response to sensed physiological and pumping means derived input signals, short-term operation of the blood pumping means, from an external power supply, power pack worn by the patient for unrestricted mobility mode operation and comprised of a portable electric ac/dc power converter pack worn by the patient and cable connected to any suitable non-portable power supply for limited mobility mode operation.
In the case of such implantable cardiac assist and total artificial heart device blood pumping applications, the opportunity for in-situ device preventative maintenance without surgical intervention is typically severely restricted or non-existent for the implantation duration which can be as long as years while the pumping operational energy efficiency is of paramount importance to minimizing the power which is required to be inductively transferred to the implanted device. Hydraulic actuated artificial heart and heart assist devices have been disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,173,796, dated Nov. 13, 1979, Robert K. Jarvik, assigned to the University of Utah, and have

REFERENCES:
patent: 3405728 (1968-10-01), Dexter
patent: 3838946 (1974-10-01), Schall
patent: 3885251 (1975-05-01), Pedroso
patent: 4192293 (1980-03-01), Asrican
patent: 4381567 (1983-05-01), Robinson et al.
patent: 4532853 (1985-08-01), Stangroom
patent: 4942735 (1990-07-01), Mushika et al.

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