Surgery – Respiratory method or device – Means for supplying respiratory gas under positive pressure
Patent
1994-04-26
1996-08-06
Burr, Edgar S.
Surgery
Respiratory method or device
Means for supplying respiratory gas under positive pressure
12820429, 12820422, 137113, A61M 1620
Patent
active
055424171
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a pressure regulating unit for supplying a pressurized fluid, especially breathing gas, to a user, which unit comprises a pressure regulator and a switching means for controlling the fluid supply from a preferential supply line and an alternative supply line to a common outlet from the unit, the switching means including a valve means arranged to connect either of the two supply lines to the outlet in dependence on the pressure in the supply lines.
Such a device is intended for use in situations wherein it is necessary to maintain a stable outlet pressure from the unit even if the supply through the .preferential supply line disappears for shorter periods. A topical example is in connection with the breathing gas supply to a combat plane pilot. In some situations, such as when starting and in combat situations, the pressure energy from the compressor of the airplane is used to drive the plane and the equipment thereof, so that one does not have the necessary pressure for air supply to the pilot. The combat plane pilots therefore have an alternative breathing gas source, consisting of liquid pressurized oxygen, which is connected to an alternative supply line. This alternative source constitutes an emergency reservoir which--mainly because of space limitations--has a relatively small capacity. It is therefore essential that this emergency reservoir is used as little as possible.
From U.S. Pat. No. 2,775,980 there is known a pressure regulating unit wherein a switching means controls gas supply from a pair of supply lines to a common outlet. The supply lines are connected through respective pressure regulators to separate high pressure sources of which each consists of a battery of high pressure gas bottles. The unit is designed for automatically and without any discontinuity to ensure the supply from the two supply lines to the common outlet in a predetermined order, the stand-by line being gradually connected and completely takes over the gas supply to the outlet only when the pressure in the supply line being drained has dropped below a predetermined critical value. The switching means comprises a valve housing having a pair of interconnected spring-influenced diaphragms which cooperate with respective valve seats on opposite sides of the valve housing, and which define respective chambers communicating with a respective high pressure source. Further, there is provided a spring-controlling means for influencing the springs so that one spring applies a greater thrust than the other, so that a greater thrust is applied to the diaphragm assembly alternately in one direction and the other. Thereby one supply line may have priority over the other, so that the preferential line is maintained connected until the pressure drops below the critical value. At that time this line is disconnected, whereas the other line then is completely connected and takes over the gas supply. Thereafter the spring-force controlling means is switched over, so that the now connected second line takes priority while its high pressure source is drained until the pressure thereof has dropped to the critical value.
This device makes it possible to replace a drained gas bottle battery with a fresh battery without the gas supply being disturbed, and without any switching of the pressure regulator of the unit being required. However, the device is intended for alternating draining of high pressure sources until the pressure of the utilized source has dropped to a certain value, and thus is not suitable for the application stated in the introduction.
Thus it is an object of the invention to provide a pressure regulating unit having a switching means which at any time senses the pressure in the preferential supply line, and which gives priority to supply through this line, so that the alternative supply line is used as little as possible. Simultaneously, it is an object of the invention to provide such a unit which sees that the pressure at the outlet of the unit is maintained stable at a desired level.
The above-ment
REFERENCES:
patent: 2354286 (1944-07-01), Whaley
patent: 2775980 (1957-01-01), Renaudie
patent: 4354518 (1982-10-01), Kuroda et al.
patent: 4674526 (1987-06-01), Athanassiu
patent: 4739790 (1988-04-01), Clarke
patent: 5183072 (1993-02-01), Pengler
Burr Edgar S.
Deane, Jr. William J.
Ottestad Breathing Systems AS
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