Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps – Motor runner having working fluid trapping pocket
Patent
1983-10-21
1986-01-28
Garrett, Robert E.
Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
Motor runner having working fluid trapping pocket
415202, 415503, 433132, F01D 1516, B23Q 506, B24B 4714
Patent
active
045668493
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a jet turbine driven machine tool having a jet turbine driving a rotatable spindle with a tool holder, said spindle is comprised in a spindle housing, said jet turbine consisting of a disc-shaped turbine rotor closely enclosed by a turbine housing, said turbine rotor having peripherally arranged discrete recesses, each recess having a concave front actuation wall for the jet and one sidewardly arranged outlet opening which opens in the axial direction of the rotor, said housing having at least one inlet nozzle for the jet directed into the recesses and having at least one outlet opening for the spent jet medium.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A known machine tool (SE 418 259) has a turbine rotor with turbine blades provided at the periphery. Each pair of blades forms together with the adjacent inner wall of the turbine housing a chamber which is open at two axially opposed sides of the rotor. Especially the spent and expanded medium which leaves the chamber at the side opposite to the outlet opening of the housing contacts the stationary part of the housing and interferes with the fresh medium entering the chamber during the next revolution of the turbine rotor. A disadvantage resulting from the constant interference between spent and fresh medium is the weak "braked power" ability of the machine tool when working in various sorts of material and under increasing or varying load conditions. With this ability is meant that the machine tool should keep a constant speed despite any variations in load.
Another known machine tool (GB No. 547 777) has a disc-shaped turbine rotor with discrete recesses in the periphery which are spaced apart in circumferential direction. From the bottom of each recess a radial bore leads to radial inwardly provided axial outlet channels. Additionally an inclined bore begins in the front or actuation wall of each recess and leads into the radial bore of the next following recess. Interferences between fresh supplied medium and the spent and expanded medium cannot be avoided and a certain part of the jet energy is wasted for the disposal of the medium through the long channels. Furthermore, the manufacture of the rotor is unduly expensive.
U.S. Pat. No. 845,059 describes a jet turbine with a disc-shaped turbine rotor having approximately semi-circular pockets in one side surface separated by partition walls. The pockets and the partition walls are inclined in the jet flow direction. Each pocket consists of three staggered steps of equal length. Each step has one curved front actuation surface. The jet enters the pocket on one side, is deviated along the actuation surface and leaves the pocket at the opposite side where an outlet opening is provided. During its way along the surface the jet produces a reaction force which drives the rotor. The jet only works in one pocket for a very short time period. For the longer time, it is split up and has to actuate two pockets simultaneously. A significant part of the jet energy is necessary to clear the pockets of expanded medium. Nevertheless, a certain amount of expanded medium rests within each pocket and interferes with the next jet dose entering during the next revolution.
Finally, U.S. Pat. No. 848,587 describes a jet turbine having a disc-like rotor with approximately semi-circular pocket shaped recesses in one side of the disc or in the periphery respectively. The pockets are inclined in the jet direction. Each pocket is separated from the adjacent ones by partition walls and consists of one main pocket part and one staggered supplemental pocket part within the main pocket part. Between the parts of the pocket a partition wall is provided which is cut out at the inlet side of the pocket to define a narrow inlet opening to the main pocket part. The jet enters each pocket or pocket part at one side, is then deviated along the semi-circular surfaces and leaves the pocket at the opposite side where outlet openings are provided. The pockets are difficult to manufacture and there cannot be a
REFERENCES:
patent: 2763461 (1956-09-01), Hill
patent: 3147551 (1964-09-01), Seegers
patent: 3364576 (1968-01-01), Kern, Jr.
patent: 4141674 (1979-02-01), Schonwald
patent: 4347034 (1982-08-01), Vigh
IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. 13, No. 7, Dec. 1970, "Air Driven Motor", p. 1982.
Aktiebolaget IRO
Garrett Robert E.
Pitko Joseph M.
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