Receptacles – Compartmented container – Intercommunicable compartments
Patent
1994-08-29
1996-10-15
Pollard, Steven M.
Receptacles
Compartmented container
Intercommunicable compartments
220506, 220581, B65D 124
Patent
active
055645879
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a pressure vessel comprising at least one intermediate part with an end wall connected to each of its ends, and longitudinal internally reinforcing walls dividing said intermediate part into fluid-accommodating compartments.
Pressure vessels of the kind indicated above have previously been manufactured in such a way that the maximum permissible internal pressure for the vessels has been determined in practice by the wall thickness of the vessel in question. It may be mentioned by way of example that compressed air apparatus, for example consisting of a face mask with a breathing valve and a vessel pack with a regulator unit, for example as illustrated in FIG. 1, is often of a specific size as regards the vessel pack. It is consequently difficult to make a single size fit a large number of people of varying heights and physical builds. Because the vessel pack consists of a number of pressure vessels made of metal, it is heavy, when filled with air or some other breathing gas, for firefighters equipped with smoke respirators or divers, etc., to carry around on the back with other equipment. Similar problems are, of course, encountered with other types of pressure vessel or gas vessels intended for air or oxygen, etc., for example for use by the rescue and emergency services, or for industrial gases. The negative effect of the relatively high own weight of the vessels is emphasized all the more in that an increasing number of pressure vessels is being incorporated into some form of transport system, where the transported weight is directly associated with a cost.
The manufacture of pressure vessels of the air pressure tank type or similar at the present time involves the forming of a tube or a tube-like space with flat or dished end walls. In a design of this kind, as in all pressurized tubes without any internal reinforcement of the vessels, the tensile stresses acting peripherally around a cross-section of the tube section are at least twice as high as the tensile stresses axially in the cross-section.
This means that the material in the tube walls is utilized to less than half its capacity in the axial sense because the design of the construction concentrates the load peripherally. If the design can be modified so that an optimized balance is achieved between axial and peripheral stresses, a material with only half the strength can be used. Alternatively, vessels with half the material content, and thus half the weight, can be made.
The quantities "half" and 50% used in the above description are simplified illustrations. A detailed calculation will produce the actual values for each individual application of the present design.
The technique of reinforcing underground waste pipes and the like internally by the use of partition walls in the longitudinal sense of the pipe is known and used today. These partition walls serve only as a support for the outer casing in order to counteract local collapse under external pressure. The partition walls are also able to act as a means of protecting against fracture when lifting long pipes. See SE-B-340.729.
A further fact of which we are aware today is that the forming of a vessel, which is manufactured in an irregular shape by extrusion, as a container with a number of internal compartments is able to counteract any attempt by the vessel to adopt a circular cross-section in the presence of internal overpressure. See SE-C-224.159.
Vessels with internal compartments are also known to exhibit a more rigid cross-section, which produces a more impact-resistant vessel and less risk of local bulging, for example for spray bottles made of plastics material. See U.S. Pat. No. 3,837,527.
Hoops, wires or similar reinforcing elements have also been wound round the long outer surface of the vessels in question in an effort to reinforce the outer surface of the vessel. This does not produce any change in the stress distribution in the vessels, however, but only in their radial reinforcement.
The principal object of the present invention is thus, in
REFERENCES:
patent: 2802332 (1957-08-01), Orsino
patent: 3338238 (1967-08-01), Warncke
patent: 3470929 (1969-10-01), Thornton
patent: 3837527 (1974-09-01), Kutik et al.
Carlsson Tomas
Falk Ingemar
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