Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Structurally defined web or sheet – Nonplanar uniform thickness material
Patent
1996-01-19
1998-03-17
Loney, Donald
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Structurally defined web or sheet
Nonplanar uniform thickness material
428105, 428113, 428156, 428170, 428171, 428192, 428218, B32B 328, B32B 512
Patent
active
057284474
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention pertains in general to a pressed body prepared from plant material by pelletization, as well as to a device for preparing same. In particular the present invention relates to a particular shape of the pressed body and how to form that shape.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A pelletizing press for processing coarse and long fibers, especially straw, into animal fodder has been known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,824,352. The material is fed via a screw conveyor into an expanding funnel, which is arranged in the intake wedge of two gear-driven hollow rolls, which engage each other in the manner of toothed gears. A plurality of radially tapering holes lead from the tooth bottom into the interior space of the hollow rolls. The stalk material fed into the wedge area of the hollow rolls is compressed or shorn off by the teeth dipping into the tooth spaces, and the stalk material is pressed through the radial holes into strands, which break off in the hollow space of the hollow rolls and are axially removed from the hollow spaces.
The cross section of these strands corresponds to the cross section of the holes. These have either a circular or polygonal cross section. The problem of this prior-art pelletizing device is that a blocking back-up of the material to be pressed develops between the teeth dipping into each other, because of counterpressing surfaces formed between the holes. The material to be pressed is backed up on these counter pressing surfaces.
SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
In contrast, the present invention uses a different principle of operation related to WO 93/22132 which was not previously published. According to the present invention the harvested and chopped biomass, especially grain, hay, etc., is fed into a pelletizing press, which consists of rotation bodies engaging one another in the manner of toothed gears, and whose teeth form shaft-like, continuous pressing channels, contrary to the state of the art. The teeth are consequently formed as webs, which extend considerably longer in the radial direction than to teeth of normal toothed gears. The outer areas of the webs engaging each other deliver the material introduced into the wedge area of the rotation bodies into the spaces located between the webs of the other rotation body with a relatively small depth of penetration, after which the material moves radially inwardly through pressing channels, while being compressed, along the pressing channels designed as shafts, until the material is discharged into the interior hollow space of the individual rotation body and is broken off there.
The pressed bodies prepared in this manner have the shape of a right parallelepiped or board with a relatively small wall thickness, which corresponds to the internal diameter of the pressing channels.
It was now found that the strength of the pressed bodies thus prepared depends to a considerable extent on the moisture content in the pressed material. The higher the moisture content in the pressed material, the lower is the strength of the pressed body. Consequently, the present invention seeks to make it possible to prepare pressed bodies whose strength no longer depends so strongly on the moisture content in the material to be pressed.
Based on U.S. Pat. No. 4,824,352, which is the closest state of the art, this problem is solved according to the present invention with the features of having corrugations in the brick or pressed body.
Even though it has been known from the publication Aufbereitungstechnik, Vol. 11, No. 3, March 1979, pp. 128-138, that a corrugated sheet-like structure can be imparted to a pressed body, this is not done according to a pelletization process, but by means of a roll pressure briquetting and compacting machine. This machine contains--in the jacket surfaces of two cylinders rolling on each other--depressions corresponding to the pressed body, into which a powdered material is filled and is compressed there.
Contrary to this, a plant material is compressed according to the present in
REFERENCES:
patent: 2689811 (1954-09-01), Frederick et al.
patent: 3613335 (1971-10-01), Forth
patent: 4342807 (1982-08-01), Rasen et al.
patent: 4546027 (1985-10-01), Holvoet et al.
patent: 4824352 (1989-04-01), Hadley et al.
Author: Dr.-Ing. W. Pietsch Leingarten-Heilbronn a. N., Title: Die Bedeutung der Walzenkonstruktion von Brikettier-, Kompaktier-und Pelletiermaschinen furihre technische Anwendung*, Textbook in: Aufbereitungs-Technik vol. 11, 1970 - No. 3.
International Recherchenbehorde Search Report dated Jun. 6, 1994.
International Preliminary Examination Report dated May 12, 1995.
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