Preserved hair-and body-cleaning agent and the use of a preserva

Details Preserved hair-and body-cleaning agent and the use of a preserva Preserved hair-and body-cleaning agent and the use of a preserva

1988-10-06

1990-11-20

Cashion, Jr., Merrell C.

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Live hair or scalp treating compositions

Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant containing

514578, 514784, 514568, 514544, 424605, A61K 7075

Patent

active

049717847

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a preserved hair- and body-cleaning composition and method for preserving a hair and body-cleaning composition.


THE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Hair- and body-cleaning agents usually contain a preservative for effective protection of the agent against an attack by microorganisms.
A preservative for hair- and body-cleaning compositions must satisfy conflicting requirements. The preservative should be well compatible physiologically and dermatologically on the one hand and should have a germ-inhibiting or even germicidal effect on the other. However, these two requirements are usually difficult to combine with each other.
For example, the following conventional preservatives are commonly used in hair- and body-cleaning compositions: formaldehyde, 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane, p-hydroxy-benzoic ester, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxy-diphenyl ether, 5-chloro-2-methyl-3-isothiazolone, 2-methyl-3-isothiazolone, and 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol.
Recently a number of preservatives, as for example, formaldehyde and 2-methyl-3-isothiazolone, have been suspected of not being sufficiently compatible. It is known that aldehydes and phenols, which have a preserving effect, react with proteins and interact with them in a denaturating manner. In the case of aldehydes there additionally exists the risk of sensitization.
In the literature formic acid and benzoic acid have been described as preservatives. However, formic acid was not used in hair- and body-cleaning compositions heretofore and benzoic acid alone shows no adequate preserving effect in low concentrations while it has an undesired keratolytic effect when applied in high concentrations. Formic acid has an unpleasantly pungent odor and an intensely corrosive effect. A further reason why formic acid is not applied as a preservative in hair- and body-cleaning compositions is that it has a low pH value at which there occurs a hydrolysis of the alkyl ether sulphates conventionally applied as surfactants in hair- and body care compositions.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hair- and body-cleaning composition containing a combination of preservatives having a good preserving effect and a better physiological and dermatological compatibility than conventional preservatives used in this type of composition.
In keeping with this object and with others which will become apparent hereinafter, the improved aqueous hair- and body-cleaning composition contains 3 to 50% by weight of a surfactant or surfactant mixture, which contains a combination of (A) a physiologically compatible salt of formic acid, (B) benzoic acid or its physiologically compatible salt, and (C) a physiologically harmless inorganic or aliphatic organic acid. If achieves this in an excellent manner.
The composition according to the present invention is very well preserved by the above-described combination of preservatives and has a very good compatibility.
The quality of the preservatives of the above-described hair- and body-cleaning compositions was determined by the preservation load test described in the literature (see The United States Pharmacopela, 21.sup.st Edition (1985), Page 1151). In this test the hair treatment compositions were polluted with the microorganisms Candida albicans (ATCC No. 10231), Aspergillus niger (ATCC No. 16404), Escherichia coli (ATCC No. 8739), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC No. 9027) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC No. 6538) and the development of the bacterial count was kept under observation for a period of 28 days.
While the use of sodium formate or benzoic acid--each time alone--particularly in the case of infestation by fungi, as for example, Aspergillus niger, does not result in a satisfactory preservation of the hair- and body-cleaning compositions, these compositions are very well preserved by the use of the above-described combination of the preservatives (A), (B) and (C), even against an attack by fungi.
Suitable physiologically compatible salts of formic acid (A) are, for e

REFERENCES:
Decker, Jr. "Frequency of Preservative Use in Cosmetic Formulas as Disclosed to FDA-1984" Cosmetics & Toiletries vol. 100 Feb. 1985, pp. 65-68.
Cosmetics and Toiletries vol. 100 p. 97 1985 (Feb.).

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