Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Dentifrices – Fluorine or fluorine compound containing
Patent
1998-03-27
2000-04-25
Rose, Shep K.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Dentifrices
Fluorine or fluorine compound containing
424 48, 424 49, 424 57, 424435, 424440, A61K 716, A61K 718, A61K 920, A61K 948
Patent
active
060541199
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The object of the invention is a preparation used in dental care.
Problems relating to teeth are caused by cavity formation, or caries, and chemical dissolution caused by acids, or erosion. These continue to be a major health problem also among adults. Due to various factors, caries in particular is increasingly a problem for the ageing adult population who still have their own teeth. Such factors include impaired motor coordination, lack of motivation, reduced salivary secretion, use of medication or general ill health.
In simple terms, caries and erosion represent a change in the equilibrium state between demineralisation and remineralisation, towards demineralisation. The oral remineralising capacity is maintained by the saliva, particularly the calcium and phosphate contained in the saliva and the buffering capacity of the saliva.
According to present knowledge, the importance of fluoride used in dental care lies in the stimulation of remineralisation. Remineralisation occurs in the mouth daily, for example, always after a meal, due to the effect of the saliva. Even small repeated fluoride concentrations in the mouth are advantageous, because in the presence of fluoride, the apatite crystals apposited on the hard tissue of the tooth are more resistent to acids and more regular in structure than those formed without fluoride.
Xylitol, another substance used in dental care, has many good properties. Firstly, it does not form organic acids harmful to the teeth through the action of bacteria. Being a sweet substance, it stimulates salivary secretion, which means that the calcium, phosphate and bicarbonate concentrations in the saliva increase. Xylitol also reduces the amount of the most detrimental caries bacteria, such as the so-called mutans streptococci, on the surface of the teeth. Calcium and phosphate are essential ingredients of the saliva, as saliva contains useful calcium and phosphate salts in soluble, supersaturated form. They may either be precipitated onto the surface of the teeth during remineralisation or they may form calculus above the gums.
A useful and important property of saliva is its buffering ability, or buffer capacity. A high and good buffer capacity prevents the detrimental demineralisation effects caused to the hard issue of the dentition by both caries arising from acids produced by bacteria, and by erosion caused, for example, by the acids in food. The buffer capacity of saliva follows primarily from its bicarbonate content.
In patients with reduced salivary secretion, the natural defence mechanisms of the saliva have deteriorated, including its remineralising capacity. These patients are particularly prone to all hard tissue damage to the dentition, particularly to caries. For this reason, for example, rinsing with fluoride and so-called remineralisation solutions have already for many years been recommended to hyposalivation patients, in order to increase the resistance of the teeth. The use of xylitol has also been recommended. The problem is that all these preparations are separate. No easy-to-use and effective preparation is known which contains even most of the agents favourable to the health of the dentition.
Attempts have, however, been made to combine several of the above-mentioned agents into one preparation. One such preparation is a lozenge presented by the researchers Nilner, Vassilakos and Birkhed (Nilner K, Vassilakos N, Birkhed D. Effect of buffering sugar-free lozenge on intraoral pH and electrochemical action. Acta Odontol Scand. 1991:49: 267-272). The preparation contains 43.8% of xylitol and 42.3% of sorbitol. In total, the proportion of these sugar alcohols, which are present in a ratio of approximately 1:1 is thus 86.1%. The buffering compounds in this preparation are sodium bicarbonate (3.0%), sodium hydrogen phosphate (3.2%), disodium hydrogen phosphate (3.3%), and sodium: polyphosphate (1.2%). The proportion of these sodium salt buffers in the total weight of the preparation is thus 10.6%.
This formulation also contains 0.77% of carboxymethylcellulose
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Hurme Tapio
Leskinen Kimmo
Neva Martti
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