Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Enzyme – proenzyme; compositions thereof; process for... – Hydrolase
Patent
1984-08-15
1986-05-13
Shapiro, Lionel M.
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Enzyme , proenzyme; compositions thereof; process for...
Hydrolase
435931, C12N 924, C12R 1785
Patent
active
045886903
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention concerns a process for preparation of .beta.-glucanase.
It has long been known that barley has a content of the polysaccharide .beta.-glucan. Barley-.beta.-glucan is structurally a polysaccharide consisting of glucose with .beta.-1,4- and .beta.-1,3-bonds between the glucosidic units, where approximately 70 pph of the bonds are .beta.-1,4-bonds and 30 pph are .beta.-1,3 bonds.
If barley with a high content of .beta.-glucan is used as chicken feed, the chickens get into trouble because their digestive system is not capable of degrading the .beta.-glucan. It passes through the digestive system and comes out as a sticky droppings, and the chickens show symptoms of diarrhoea.
When pure barley is used instead of malted barley for brewing of beer, the wort will be viscous, which makes the filtration of the wort from the mask difficult.
The reason is that unmalted barley only has a small content of the glucandegradable enzyme .beta.-glucanase.
The abovementioned problem can be avoided by adding .beta.-glucanase to the barley, but this is a question of price and for beer-brewing also a question of legislation.
Moreover, it is also a question of cultivating microorganisms which are particularly suited for the production of .beta.-glucanase. It is also a question of the yield of enzymes from and the correct cultivation conditions of the microorganism.
It is known that some microorganisms are capable of producing the enzyme .beta.-glucanase in use for degrading the .beta.-glucan.
UK Pat. No. 1 421 127 describes a method for preparation of .beta.-glucanase suited for degradation of .beta.-glucan in barley when the microorganism Penicillium emersonii is used. It is a thermophilic microorganism with an optimum of growing at 50.degree.-54.degree. C. and where the growing is extremely low at temperatures below 37.degree.-40.degree. C. Below optimum conditions the fermentation will last for 7-10 days.
DD Pat. No. 148 891 also describes a process for preparation of .beta.-glucanase, but in this process the microorganism Bacillus subtilis is used. The preparation of the enzyme is done under aerobic and submersible conditions in a free flowing nutrient medium at approx. 30.degree. C.
DE patent application No. 2 048 237 describes a process for preparation of .beta.-glucanase by means of the microorganism Aspergillus phoenicis. This organism is not described as thermophilic, and the optimum of growing seems to be at 25.degree.-35.degree. C. when grown under aerobic conditions.
The abovementioned known processes have some drawbacks. Firstly, the fermentation lasts too long when the thermophilic microorganism Penicillium emersonii is used and secondly the enzyme produced by fermentation of Penicillium emersonii and Bacillus subtilis will have minimized activity at lower pH. Aspergillus phoenicis, as used in the West-German process, cannot be characterized as thermophilic at all, as its optimum of growing will be in the area of 25.degree.-35.degree. C.
It now appears that microorganisms of the species Rhizomucor pusillus (Lindt) Schipper satisfy the purpose of the invention because the microorganism is thermophilic, is growing fast and gives a high yield of enzymes in relation to the short time of fermentation.
Species of the said organism have been isolated from earth and from barley grain. One of these has shown to be extremely well suited and is deposited and described as CBS 551.82 at the Centralbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Holland. Further, species of Rhizomucor pusillus from the American Type Culture Collection, USA have been tested. The one best suited has the description ATCC 22074. In addition to the significance of the said organism for the good result it should also be mentioned that the composition of the nutrient medium, the support of air and the shape of the fermentation vessel are important factors in order to achieve optimal conditions during the fermentation and in this manner contribute to fulfil the purpose of the invention.
The Nutrient Medium
The fungi mentioned above can be cultivat
REFERENCES:
patent: 4110163 (1978-08-01), Hjortshoj et al.
Hovland Jon
Nissen Bernt A.
Norsk Hydro a.s.
Shapiro Lionel M.
LandOfFree
Preparation of the enzyme .beta.-glucanase by fermentation of fu does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Preparation of the enzyme .beta.-glucanase by fermentation of fu, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Preparation of the enzyme .beta.-glucanase by fermentation of fu will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1770062