Preparation of hydroxyanthraquinones

Details Preparation of hydroxyanthraquinones Preparation of hydroxyanthraquinones

1990-10-19

1992-01-14

Ivy, C. Warren

Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series

Organic compounds

Polycyclo ring system containing anthracene configured ring...

C09C 49543

Patent

active

050812700

ABSTRACT:
1-Hydroxyanthraquinones are prepared in an improved process by reacting phthalic anhydride or derivatives thereof with phenol derivatives in the presence of a Lewis acid as catalyst and in the presence or absence of a diluent, wherein the improvement comprises conducting the reaction in a self-cleaning apparatus having a mixing effect, at a temperature of from 120.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. for from 5 to 1,000 seconds, the self-cleaning apparatus having a mixing effect subjecting the reactants to a shear gradient of from 50 to 20,000 sec.sup.-1 with an energy input of from 0.01 to 0.2 kwh/kg of reactants.

REFERENCES:
patent: 2695302 (1954-11-01), Schneid et al.
patent: 4077972 (1978-03-01), Baurecht et al.
Methoden der Organischen Chemie, vol. 7/3c, 1979, p. 97, E. Muller et al., "Hydroxy-Anthrachinone Durch Ringschlubreaktionen".
Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft, 64, 1931, pp. 2003-2010, F. Mayer et al., "Des 1-Methyl-Anthrachinons".
Schneckenmaschinen in der Verfahrenstechnik, 1972, pp. 120 to 127, H. Herrmann, "3.3 Schneckenkneter".

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