Preparation of formic acid by thermal cleavage of quaternary amm

Details Preparation of formic acid by thermal cleavage of quaternary amm Preparation of formic acid by thermal cleavage of quaternary amm

1993-03-31

1994-03-15

Prescott, Arthur C.

Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series

Organic compounds

Carboxylic acids and salts thereof

568877, C07C 5109, C07C 5144

Patent

active

052947408

ABSTRACT:
A process for preparing formic acid by thermal cleavage of quaternary ammonium formates of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are C.sub.1 - to C.sub.14 -alkyl, C.sub.3 - to C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, aryl or C.sub.7 - to C.sub.16 -aralkyl, or together are 1,4- or 1,5-alkylene which is unsubstituted or substituted one to four times by C.sub.1 -to C.sub.4 -alkyl, with the proviso that the sum of the carbon atoms of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 in the quaternary ammonium formates I is 7 to 40,
comprises carrying out the cleavage in the presence of secondary formamides of the general formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are C.sub.2 - to C.sub.10 -alkyl, C.sub.3 - to C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, aryl or C.sub.7 - to C.sub.16 -aralkyl, or together are 1,4- or 1,5-alkylene which is unsubstituted or substituted one to four times by C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkyl,
which formamides boil 30.degree. to 150.degree. C. lower than the tertiary amine of the general formula III ##STR3## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the abovementioned meanings, contained in the formate I.

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patent: 4326073 (1982-04-01), Wolf et al.
patent: 4994151 (1991-02-01), Berg et al.
patent: 5189216 (1993-02-01), Kiefer et al.
patent: 5206433 (1993-04-01), Hohenschutz et al.

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