Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
Patent
1994-09-12
1996-04-09
Schoffer, Joseph L.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
526264, 5263184, 5263285, C08F 210, C08F22606, C08F22610, C08F22004, C08F22010
Patent
active
055063152
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of copolymers of polymerization initiators.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,676,949 discloses Copolymers of maleic anhydride and N-vinyllactams, which are prepared with the aid of precipitation polymerization in benzene in the presence of compounds forming free radicals. Terpolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -acrylates and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,405,084. The polymerization is carried out in anhydrous ethanol. The polymer solution thus obtained is neutralized with organic amines and used as an additive for hairspray formulations.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,424,079 discloses that copolymers of maleic anhydride and N-vinylpyrrolidone, which are prepared by precipitation polymerization in methylene chloride or toluene, can be used as rust removers. According to EP-A-0 205 451, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and maleic anhydride are obtained by polymerization by a precipitation polymerization method in an organic solvent in which the monomers are soluble but the resulting copolymer is insoluble.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,709,759 discloses the preparation of a copolymer of acrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-n-octylacrylamide in water by emulsion polymerization. The acrylamide content of the copolymers is hydrolyzed with formation of acrylic acid units. These polymers are used for the recovery of mineral oil from oil-containing water.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,711,726 discloses copolymers of (meth)acrylic acid and vinylpyrrolidone. These copolymers are used as incrustation inhibitors and rust inhibitors in boilers. U.S. Pat. No. 4,595,737 relates to a process for the preparation of water-soluble terpolymers of N-vinyllactams, acrylic acid or salts thereof and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl vinyl ethers. The copolymerization is carried out in inert organic solvents. U.S. Pat. No. 5,011,895, WO-A-90/12041 and WO-A-91/00302 describe precipitation polymerizations of N-vinyllactams, acrylic acid and, if required, further monomers in saturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 -aliphatic hydrocarbons. According to J. Polym. Sci. 23 (1958), 377-379, acrylic acid and vinylpyrrolidone can be polymerized not only in propanol, benzene, toluene, xylene, dioxane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and petroleum ether but, with particularly good results, also in tetrahydrofuran.
DE-B-922 378 dicloses a process for the preparation of polymerization products from N-vinyllactams, in which the polymerization of N-vinyllactams is carried out with or without other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in aqueous solution in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, and ammonia, water-soluble amines or salts of these substances are added during the polymerization. The use of sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate instead of ammonia or amines in the copolymerization greatly delays the initiation of the polymerization.
EP-B-215 379 discloses a process for the preparation of polyvinylpyrrolidone, in which the polymerization of vinylpyrrolidone is carried out in aqueous solution at a pH of from 7 to 11 in the presence of heavy metal ions or of a mixture of a heavy metal salt and a heavy metal complexing agent. Sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or carbonates or bicarbonates thereof are used for establishing the pH.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a simpler process for the preparation of copolymers of monomers containing acid groups and N-vinyllactams.
We have found that this object is achieved, according to the invention, by a process for the preparation of copolymers of monomers in the presence of free radical polymerization initiators, if the copolymerization is carried out by a solution polymerization method in water at a pH of at least 6 and an alkali metal base or alkaline earth metal base or a mixture thereof is used for establishing the pH of the aqueous monomer solution, the free radical initiators having a half life of less than 3 hours at the chosen reaction temperature. The amount of monomer which is used in the copolymerization is
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Denzinger Walter
Hartmann Heinrich
Meyer Harald
Sanner Axel
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Cheng Wu C.
Schoffer Joseph L.
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