Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Dyeing involving animal-derived natural fiber material ,... – Hair dyeing
Reexamination Certificate
2000-02-07
2001-08-21
Douyon, Lorna M. (Department: 1751)
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Dyeing involving animal-derived natural fiber material ,...
Hair dyeing
C008S636000, C424S070310, C510S421000, C510S437000, C510S491000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06277154
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns a pre-emulsion and a process for the preparation of a composition for the dyeing of human hair on the basis of a fine, aqueous emulsion, comprising at least one oxidation dyestuff precursor.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Compositions for the permanent dyeing of human hair on the basis of oxidation dyestuff precursors are widely used. In general, they are applied by mixing a composition, usually an aqueous emulsion, comprising at least one oxidation dyestuff precursor, generally at least one developing and at least one coupling substance, shortly before application with a composition comprising a peroxide, the mixture then being brought onto the hair.
The invention therefore starts from the task of providing a more simple process for the preparation of hair dyeing emulsions which saves time and energy, whereby the obtained emulsions also ensure good mixability with the oxidation agent composition, i.e. generally with aqueous hydrogen peroxide, which, in turn, leads to even distribution of the ready-to-use hair dyeing composition on the hair and thereby to good coloration results.
According to the invention, this problem is solved by a process for the preparation of a hair dyeing emulsion, whereby a pre-emulsion of defined emulsifiers and fats is mixed at a maximum temperature of 60° C., in particular about 30° to about 50° C., with an aqueous composition comprising at least one oxidation dyestuff precursor.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The preferred weight proportion between pre-emulsion and aqueous composition ranges from about 15 to 40 and 85 to 60, in particular about 1 to 2.
This pre-emulsion comprises:
a) 20% to 40% by weight of at least one C
12
-C
14
-fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 1 to 5 ethylene oxide groups;
b) 15% to 40% by weight of oleic acid;
c) 10% to 30% by weight of ethanediol and/or 1.2-propanediol distearate;
d) 5% to 20% by weight of glyceryl stearate and/or at least one sugar fatty acid ester; and,
e) 0% to 25% by weight of at least one C
12
-C
18
-fatty alcohol, each calculated to the total pre-emulsion composition; containing no further emulsifiers or fatty substances, and having a maximum water content of 10% by weight, in particular 5% by weight, whereby the pH-value is preferably adjusted between 7.1 and 9 by ammonia and/or ethanolamine(s).
Used as component a) are preferably about 25% to 35% by weight of C
12
-C
14
-fatty alcohol ethoxylate, in particular Laureth-2 or Myristeth-3.
The oleic acid is also preferably contained in the pre-emulsion in an amount from about 25% to 35% by weight.
Preferred as component c) is ethanediol distearate, in particular in an amount from 15% to 25% by weight.
Used as component d) are in particular 5% to 15% by weight of glyceryl stearate, saccharose and glucose esters, such as glucose and methyl glucose dioleate, methyl glucose sesquistearate and/or polyglyceryl-3-methyl glucose distearate.
To the extent that a C
12
-C
18
-fatty alcohol is present as component e), this is preferably lauryl, myristyl, cetyl and coco fatty alcohol, preferably in an amount from 5% to 20% by weight.
By the use of this simple composition as pre-emulsion for the preparation of hair dyeing compositions, it is possible to prepare all required shades by admixture thereof with aqueous hair dyeing solutions and at low temperatures and thus economical energy consumption.
Preparation of the pre-emulsion is effected by mixing the molten components with a small proportion of water, i.e. a maximum of 10%, preferably not more than 5%, in particular less than about 3% by weight, which can be added, for example, as 25% ammonia solution to adjust the pH-value at 7.1 to 9, in particular about 7.5 to 8.5. Adjustment of the pH-value can also be effected by an ethanolamine, in particular monoethanolamine.
The viscosity of the pre-emulsion according to the invention preferably ranges from about 5,000 to 30,000, in particular from about 10,000 to 25,000, for example, from about 15,000 to 20,000 mPa•s, measured at 20° C. in a Brookfield Viscosimeter BVT.
The water phase of the ready-to-use finished product containing oxidation dyestuff precursors can comprise water-soluble emulsifiers. Useful as such are in particular anionic surfactants. Suitable anionic surfactants are present in particular in an amount from about 0.25% to 5% by weight, preferably about 0.4% to 2.5% by weight, calculated to the total composition (of the ready-to-use emulsion). These are anionic surfactants of the sulfate, sulfonate, carboxylate and alkyl phosphate type, especially, of course, those customarily used in hair treatment compositions, in particular, the known C
10
-C
18
-alkyl sulfates, and the respective ether sulfates, for example, C
12
-C
14
-alkyl ether sulfate, lauryl ether sulfate, especially with 1 to 4 ethylene oxide groups in the molecule, acyl aminocarboxylic acids, such as lauroyl sarcosinate and glutamate, furthermore monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, fatty acid amide sulfates obtained by ethoxylation and subsequent sulfatation of fatty acid alkanolamides, and the alkali salts thereof, as well as the salts of long-chain mono- and dialkyl phosphates constituting mild, skin-compatible detergents. Additional anionic surfactants useful within the scope of the invention are &agr;-olefin sulfonates or the salts thereof, and alkali salts of sulfosuccinic acid semiesters, for example, the disodium salt of monooctyl sulfosuccinate and alkali salts of long-chain monoalkyl ethoxysulfosuccinates.
Suitable surfactants of the carboxylate type are alkyl polyether carboxylic acids and the salts thereof of the formula
R—(C
2
H
4
O)
n
—O—CH
2
—COOX,
wherein R is a C
8
-C
20
-alkyl group, preferably a C
12
-C
14
-alkyl group, n is a number from 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 17, and X is H or preferably a cation of the group sodium, potassium, magnesium and ammonium, which can optionally be hydroxyalkyl-substituted, as well as alkyl amido polyether carboxylic acids.
Such products have been known for some time and are on the market, for example, under the trade name “AKYPO®” and “AKYPO-SOFT®”. Also useful are C
8
-C
20
-acyl isethionates, alone or in admixture with other surfactants, and sulfofatty acids and the esters thereof.
It is optionally also possible to use amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants as water-soluble emulsifiers, in particular in admixture with anionic surfactants, whereby the total amount should preferably range from about 0.25% to 5%, in particular about 0.5% to 2.5% by weight, calculated to the total hair dyeing emulsion.
Useful as such are in particular the various known betaines such as fatty acid amido alkyl betaines and sulfobetaines, for example, lauryl hydroxy sulfobetaine; long-chain alkyl amino acids, such as cocoaminoacetate, cocoaminopropionate and sodium cocoamphopropionate and -acetate have also proven suitable.
Also useful are nonionic, water-soluble surfactants, for example, from C
8
-C
18
-alkyl polyglucosides with a polymerization degree of 1 to 5, in the named amounts alone or in admixture with anionic and/or amphoteric or zwitterionic surface-active substances. Amineoxides are also useful.
Further useful surfactants are also cationic surfactants, such as the known quaternary ammonium compounds with one or two alkyl or alkenyl groups with 10 to 22 carbon atoms in the molecule, in particular in an amount from 0.1% to 7.5%, preferably 0.25% to 5%, especially preferred 0.5% to 2.5% by weight, calculated to the total composition.
The hair dyeing emulsion prepared by use of the pre-emulsion prepared according to the invention comprises at least one oxidation dyestuff precursor; useful is a mixture of at least one developing and at least one coupling substance.
These are known per se and described, for example, in the monography of K. Schrader, “Grundlagen und Rezepturen der Kosmetika”, 2nd Ed. (1989), pp. 784-799.
Examples of developing substances are in particular 1.4-diaminobenzene, 2.5-diaminotoluene, tetraaminopyrimidines, triaminohydroxypyrimidines, 1.2.4-triaminobenzene, 2-(2.5-dia
Douyon Lorna M.
Goldwell GmbH
Norris McLaughlin & Marcus P.A.
Puri Anil K.
LandOfFree
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