Liquid heaters and vaporizers – Miscellaneous
Patent
1991-12-23
1992-11-17
Favors, Edward G.
Liquid heaters and vaporizers
Miscellaneous
60 39464, 110245, B09B 300, F22B 100
Patent
active
051633841
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a power plant comprising a combustor with a fluidized bed according to the preamble to claim 1.
The invention relates particularly to power plants of the above-mentioned kind which are working with a pressurized fluidized bed in a combustor which is placed in a pressure vessel (a PFBC plant, where "PFBC" stands for Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion).
In a PFBC plant a gas and a steam cycle are often combined. Both propellent gas for the gas turbines and steam for the steam turbines are generated in a common combustor. The total efficiency can be increased and solid fuels may advantageously be burnt. In addition, environmentally harmful products, for example sulphur, can be efficiently absorbed.
The bed height must be adjusted to obtain the desired output power. Bed material must thereby be removed from or supplied to the combustor. Because of its high temperature, 750-900.degree. C., and other properties, the handling of the bed material involves problems which are difficult to solve.
BACKGROUND ART
The above problems and the state of the art as regards means for handling bed material in plants with a combustor with a fluidized bed are described in detail in a report, ANL/CEN/FE-81-3 from Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Il., entitled "Discharge and Handling of Solids from Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustors" by John E Hanway Jr. and W. F. Podolski.
From DE-C-948 105 a combustion plant with a fluidized bed is known, in which the bed material is constantly discharged from and returned to the fluidized bed. The discharged bed material from the fluidized bed is brought, in a conduit, into contact with a relatively cold compressed gas, which absorbs heat from the bed material In a cyclone the bed material is separated from the gas. The bed material is returned to the fluidized bed, whereas the gas is mixed with the combustion gases from the fluidized bed and supplied to a gas turbine. In this way, the temperature of the gases flowing into the turbine is controlled. The method is not utilized for power control in the combustion plant with the fluidized bed, and the quantity of bed material present in the fluidized bed is constant practically all the time.
In European patent application 84104821.8, publication number 0 124 842, a further power plant of the kind in question is described.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to improve a power plant of the kind described in the above-mentioned European patent application so that, in storage containers for hot bed material, container walls which are subjected to great stresses and require a large quantity of material may be designed from simple, relatively inexpensive construction materials. One condition for this is that the wall temperature is low and considerably lower than the temperature of the material to be stored.
To solve the above task, a power plant according to the preamble to claim 1 is proposed, which, according to the invention, has the characteristic features stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.
According to the invention, the plant is designed with a storage container with an internal insulation with ceramic insulating material in a gap between the container wall and an inner mantle. Within this mantle, the hot bed material is stored. For the mantle a heat-resistant, high-temperature material must be used. Because the container wall and the mantle consist of materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion and are heated to different temperatures, the cylinder and the mantle are expanded to different degrees. Further, at one end, suitably the lower end, the mantle must be gas-tightly connected to the outer wall of the container so that gas is prevented from circulating between the space inside the mantle and in the gap between the container wall and the mantle. Such a circulation may entail a harmful local heating and thermal asymmetry in the container wall, damage to the insulating material and transport of bed material into a gap between the m
REFERENCES:
patent: 4530207 (1985-07-01), Brannstrom
patent: 4552078 (1985-11-01), Morin et al.
patent: 4584949 (1986-04-01), Brannstrom
patent: 4593630 (1986-06-01), Teigen
patent: 4655147 (1987-04-01), Brannstrom et al.
patent: 4767315 (1988-08-01), Brannstrom et al.
Brannstrom Roine
Malmkvist Leopold
ABB Stal AB
Favors Edward G.
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