Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
2002-05-24
2004-02-10
Gupta, Yogendra N. (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S395000, C510S462000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06689729
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to powder detergent of high stain removability and powder properties as well as improved long-term fragrance stability.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Powder detergent has been mass-produced mainly for the purpose of using in full automatic washing machine, in which especially so-called compact detergent of high bulk density is the most popular because of convenience of saving space of storage, the advantage of packaging and transportation and a smaller amount of detergent to be used per laundry.
Further improvement in cleaning properties such as stain removability, or powder properties and fragrance stability are required, although conventional powder detergent has been improved to some extent.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide powder detergent of high stain removability and powder properties as well as improved long term fragrance stability.
The inventors have found that a powder of RB ceramics or CRB ceramics, which will be described later, is useful for improving powder properties of powder detergent, makes it easy to remove stains due to rough surface of these ceramics with numerous pointed protrusions and controls fast emission of fragrance to improve its long-term aromatic stability. It was difficult to keep stable fragrant emission in conventional powder detergent such as pack detergent over a long period of time after a package thereof is opened. The present invention has been developed based on the above mentioned knowledge.
It is a characteristic feature of the present invention that powder detergent comprises a surfactant, powder modifier, fragrance and builder, in which a powder of RB ceramics or CRB ceramics is contained at least as a component of the powder modifier.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
RB ceramics used in the present powder detergent is a powder of RB ceramics or CRB ceramics formed by grinding these ceramics to particles of 1 to 100 &mgr;m.
Each material of RB ceramics and CRB ceramics used in the present invention is prepared by the following manner.
As is known, Dr. Kazuo Hokkirigawa, the first inventor of the present invention, proposed an idea to obtain a porous carbon material by the use of rice bran which is by-produced 0.9 million ton/year in Japan or 3.3 million ton/year in the world (see, Kinou Zairyou, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 24 to 28, May 1997).
The above mentioned literature describes a method for preparing a carbon material or so-called RB ceramics by mixing and kneading a defatted product of rice bran and a thermosetting resin, press-molding the mixture to form a molded material, drying and then baking the dried material in an atmosphere of inert gas.
Defatted rice bran used in the present invention is not limited to a specific species of rice and may either be a product of Japan or foreign countries.
A thermosetting resin used herein may also be any resin which can be thermally set and typically includes phenol-, diarylphthalate-, unsaturated polyester-, epoxy-, polyimide- and triazine resins, although a phenol resin is preferably used.
A thermoplastic resin such as polyimide may also be used together without departing from a scope of the present invention.
A mixing ratio of the defatted rice bran to the thermosetting resin is in the range of 50 to 90:50 to 10 and preferably 70 to 80:30 to 20 in by weight.
According to the above mentioned method, difference in ratio of shrinkage between the press-molded material and the finally molded material which is baked in an atmosphere of inert gas reached almost 25%.
Such a difference made it substantially difficult to form a precisely molded material, but has been finally improved as a result of development of CRB ceramics.
CRB ceramics used in the present invention is an improved material of RB ceramics obtained from defatted rice bran and a thermosetting resin. The defatted product of rice bran and the thermosetting resin are mixed and kneaded, primarily baked in an inert gas at 700 to 1,000° C. and ground to form a carbonated powder of about 60 mesh or less. The powder is then mixed and kneaded with the thermosetting resin to yield a mixture, press-molded at a pressure of 20 to 30 Mpa and further heat-treated the thus molded material in an atmosphere of inert gas at 100 to 1,100° C. to form CRB ceramics as a black resin or porous product.
General properties of RB ceramics and CRB ceramics are as in the following:
extremely high hardness;
oil absorptive;
extremely small heat expansion coefficient;
porous structure;
electrical conductivity;
low specific gravity, light weighted;
improved abrasion resistance;
easiness of molding and mold die making;
capable of being powdered; and
less negative effect to global environment and more resource conservation due to rice bran to be used as a starting material.
The most typical distinction of RB ceramics and CRB ceramics is that a difference in ratio of shrinkage between molded RB ceramics and a final product thereof is almost 25%, while that of CRB ceramics is so low as 3% or less, which makes the latter material much useful. However, such distinction between them is not important in the present invention, because the final product is formed not as a molded material but as a powder. So, either of RB ceramics or CRB ceramics may basically be used in the present invention.
Hardness is an important factor of RB ceramics and/or CRB ceramics used in the present invention, which is influenced by the primary baking temperature of RB ceramics and both of the primary baking temperature and the secondary heat-treating temperature of CRB ceramics.
In general, the primary baking and the secondary heat treatment at a temperature of 500 to 1,000° C. yield RB ceramics or CRB ceramics of high hardness.
Particle size of a RB ceramics or CRB ceramics powder may vary depending on the purpose to be used but usually in the range of 1 to 100 &mgr;m in average particle diameter.
RB ceramics and CRB ceramics as a material used as a powder modifier of the present powder detergent are prepared from a defatted product of rice bran as a main starting material and a thermosetting resin.
Defatted rice bran used in the present invention is not limited to a specific species of rice and may either be a product of Japan or foreign countries.
A thermosetting resin used herein may also be any resin which can be thermally set and typically includes phenol-, diarylphthalate-, unsaturated polyester-, epoxy-, polyimide- and triazine resins, although a phenol resin is preferably used.
A thermoplastic resin such as polyimide may also be used together without departing from a scope of the present invention.
A mixing ratio of the defatted rice bran to the thermosetting resin is in the range of 50 to 90:50 to 10 and preferably 70 to 80:30 to 20 in by weight.
A method for preparing CRB ceramics will be briefly described below.
The defatted product of rice bran and the thermosetting resin are mixed and kneaded, primarily baked in an inert gas at 700 to 1,000° C. and ground, which is then press-molded at a pressure of 20 to 30 Mpa and further heat-treated the thus molded material in an atmosphere of inert gas at 100 to 1,100° C.
The thermosetting resin used in the primary baking is desirably liquid of relatively low molecular weight.
The primary baking is usually conducted by means of a rotary kiln over a baking time of 40 to 120 minutes. A mixing ratio of a carbon powder obtained by the primary baking and a thermosetting resin is 50 to 90:50 to 10 and preferably 70 to 80:30 to 20 by weight.
A pressure added to the kneaded mixture of the carbon powder and thermosetting resin to press-mold is 20 to 30 Mpa and preferably 21 to 25 Mpa. The mold die temperature is preferably 150° C.
The heat treatment is conducted by means of a well-controlled electric furnace over a heat-treating time of 60 to 360 minutes.
A preferable heat-treating temperature is 500 to 1,100° C., while a rate of rising the temperature is required to be relatively slow up to 500° C. i.e., the heat rising rate is 0.5 to 2° C.
Akiyama Motoharu
Hokkirigawa Kazuo
Yoshimura Noriyuki
Flynn ,Thiel, Boutell & Tanis, P.C.
Gupta Yogendra N.
Minebea Co. Ltd.
Petruncio John M.
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