Expanded – threaded – driven – headed – tool-deformed – or locked-thr – Having separate expander means – Having securing element projecting through aperture in sleeve
Patent
1985-09-17
1987-08-11
Ridgill, Jr., James L.
Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-thr
Having separate expander means
Having securing element projecting through aperture in sleeve
52698, F16B 1304, E04B 140
Patent
active
046858474
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention is directed to a positive-locking dowel for hard building materials, especially concrete, having a dowel casing which is penetrated by at least one bore disposed on the periphery of the dowel casing and extending obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the dowel casing, into which a pin is inserted to hold the dowel in a bore of the building material.
A positive-locking dowel of this kind, only usable in connection with soft building materials, for instance brick or the like, is known from German patent DE-PS No. 83 223. In this known positive-locking dowel the four pins which are oriented obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the dowel are disposed at the rear of the dowel casing and are radially directed outwardly at an angle of more than 60.degree. to the longitudinal axis. The driving of these pins is accomplished by means of a driving tool in such a manner that the pins glide along the cone of the driving tool with their inner ends. This positive-locking dowel is not suitable for hard building materials, such as concrete, for a number of reasons: the pins are driven into the construction material with their entire surface which means that they will have to drill a hole through this construction tool. Since the pins are disposed at the back end of the dowel casing there is the danger, if a strong force is used, that the dowel casing will rupture at its back end and/or that the masonry will crack in this area. There is the further disadvantage that the forces which can be brought to bear on the object to be secured are very limited.
It is an object of the present invention to produce a positive-locking dowel of the noted species which is suitable for use with hard building materials, especially for concrete, and can be used in a simple manner.
This object is attained in a positive-locking dowel of the noted species in that the bore for that pin is preferably disposed in the area of the front portion of the dowel casing at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the dowel casing and is partially formed as an open trough, and in that the pin in its driven-in final position penetrates with only a part of its diameter the building material, with the pin being guided and supported along its entire length by the bore.
Since, in the positive-locking dowel in accordance with the present invention, the at least one pin is preferably disposed in the area of the inner end of the dowel casing and therefore preferably generally close to the bottom of the bore, the positive-locking dowel can be exposed to considerably higher forces, since the part which assures the positive locking is placed very low, i.e. it can tolerate a larger extraction force. The very shallow angle further means that the pins can chip along the inner walls of the bore or can partially dig in, however, they do not penetrate the wall with their entire surface. In this manner it is possible to achieve a positive locking between the positive-locking dowel and the inner wall of the bore. In addition, in the positive-locking dowel in accordance with the present invention the at least one pin can be driven directly from the rear and in a generally axial direction, so that practically no force deflection from the driving tool to the pin is necessary. To sufficiently guide the pin without twisting and to support the pin during the driving process, the length of the bore provided in the dowel casing, partially in the form of an open trough, is at least approximately equal to the length of the bolt.
In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the bore and the pin(s) are oriented at an acute angle of approximately 3.degree. to 20.degree. to the longitudinal axis of the dowel casing.
To achieve the driving of the bolt into the inner wall of the bore with relatively little effort, the pin, in the final, driven-in position, extends from the outer periphery of the dowel casing by about half of its diameter. This means that the pin will only dig in to the extent of about half its cross-section, and also only with
REFERENCES:
patent: 1333880 (1920-03-01), Stine
patent: 4116105 (1978-09-01), Herman
Ridgill, Jr. James L.
Stumpp & Kurz GmbH & Co.
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