Combustion – Process of combustion or burner operation – Feeding flame modifying additive
Patent
1985-04-22
1987-02-10
Dority, Jr., Carroll B.
Combustion
Process of combustion or burner operation
Feeding flame modifying additive
431284, 431265, F23J 700
Patent
active
046420452
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention relates to gas combustion and burners, whose function is to cause and maintain the combustion by mixing a fuel and an oxidizer.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In known apparatuses of this type, some are of the atmospheric air type such as a VENTURI system or of the type having air pulsed by a fan. These devices have the disadvantage of using air as an oxidizer, hence a considerable loss of energy due to the fact that oxygen alone participates in the combustion reaction, whereas nitrogen, a neutral gas, absorbs a considerable part of the power energy during the endothermic process of the chemical reaction and is evacuated in the fumes or, rather, combustion by-product gas.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention utilizes the differences in temperature of the hydrogen-oxygen flames, i.e. 3100 degrees K. (in relation to the absolute degree .degree.K.) and 260.degree. K. in the case of hydrogen-air in the proportion of 1/2.4 per ccm. In order to become familiar with the combustion process, an understanding of elementary reactions is required; it is not merely sufficient to identify the elementary chemical reactions. One also has to know the probability of reaction of the molecules concerned when they meet, since most of the collisions will not give rise to a chemical reaction. The chances of reaction depend upon the relative speed of the molecules at the time of the impact; generally, the more violent the impact, the more chance there is of a reaction occurring.
As the frequency of the collisions and the molecular speed increase with the gas temperature, the probability of reaction increases with this temperature. As this inversion relates to hydrogen combustion, a simple element with "H" as its symbol, it appears necessary to give the main parameters: atomic weight "1" in the classification:
______________________________________ Specific weight 0.08982
Density 0.06948
Viscosity .times. 6.8 15.3
M..sup.t 1.0080
1 dcm.sup.3 (1 liter) 0.0982
1 m.sup.3 89 gr 82
Cubic expansion coefficient
.times. 10.sup.6 3660.3
Theoretic air necessary for combustion
2.4/1 m.sup.3
Water steam 1 - PCS = 3.05 (th .multidot. m.sup.3)
PCI - 2.57 (th .multidot. m.sup.3)
______________________________________
And the chemical reaction of the combustion:
In the present invention and in order to avoid the partial loss of energy, as mentioned above for nitrogen, an atomized emulsion of hydrogen peroxide H.sub.2 O.sub.2, water and soluble oil is injected into the flame of the hydrocarbon or natural gas, right into the middle of this flame, the gas burner flame being the "match" designed to cause and maintain the post-combustion of the abovementioned emulsion. The blue flame produced by the gas, with a low radiating capacity, turns to a shade of orange with a high radiating capacity, thus increasing combustion efficiency and yield by releasing the hydrogen and the oxygen contained in the emulsion. The initial heat power of the gas is therefore increased by the combustion of the hydrogen produced. The released water turns into steam, according to one preferred embodiment of the invention. The means by which the emulsion is submitted to pressure is a power-driven gear pump with an adjustable discharge flap, the soluble oil of the emulsion acting as a lubricant of this pump. The burner also comprises a cone designed to separate the H.sub.2 O.sub.2 emulsion from the pre-ignition electric arc and from the combustion control ionic probe; it also comprises a fireproof cast-iron disc at the front of the nose or nozzle of the said burner, which is adjustable lengthwise. This disc is drilled with truncated holes (nozzles) designed to complete the emulsion dissociation and to "break" the H.sub.2 O.sub.2 molecules.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the means used to put the emulsion under pressure can be effected by connecting it to the city water network coupled to a hydrogen peroxide dosingmeter.
By acting on the emulsion flow rate, the
REFERENCES:
patent: 2220603 (1940-11-01), Hirtz
patent: 2368178 (1945-01-01), Turpin
patent: 3220461 (1965-11-01), Richardson
patent: 3251393 (1966-05-01), Beach et al.
patent: 4389188 (1983-06-01), Kamath
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