Optics: measuring and testing – By alignment in lateral direction – With light detector
Patent
1996-06-18
1998-05-26
Rosenberger, Richard A.
Optics: measuring and testing
By alignment in lateral direction
With light detector
G01C 1500, E21D 906
Patent
active
057575045
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a system for measuring the position and the posture of a tunnel forming machine, and, more particularly, to a positional measurement light projecting device and a mounting structure therefor, which are provided between a control point and a tunnel forming machine in a tunnel, to relay a beam for measuring.
BACKGROUND ART
In the construction of a tunnel, the tunnel is advanced (bored) along a predetermined tunnel planning line by using a tunnel forming machine. Therefore, in order to construct the tunnel as planned, the measurement of the position and the posture of the tunnel forming machine is required from the view of controlling or correcting an erring direction and from the view of avoiding the positional matter with the tunnel forming machine when wall segments are assembled in the later constructing process. Furthermore, increasing considerations for construction, such as alignment complications for advancing the tunnel, construction in an area having considerable subsurface constructions or existing tunnels, and the high accuracy required for alignment in constructing sewerage or the like, have resulted in an increase in the importance and necessity of measuring the position and the posture of the tunnel forming machine.
In order to decide the position and the posture of the tunnel forming machine, it is necessary to determine a total of six elements, with three values indicating the position and three values indicating the posture. The position of the tunnel forming machine can be indicated by using three elements determined by for example, positioning appropriate three-dimensional coordinate systems in the interior of the tunnel, in which, in many cases, the position of the tunnel forming machine is indicated by defining the advancing planning line as one of the coordinates axes and using departure from the advancing distance and the planning line (two elements of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction). Also, the posture of the tunnel forming machine can be indicated by using three elements, for example, the orienting direction of the center axis of the tunnel forming machine (the same direction as the advancing direction) in the horizontal direction (yawing angle), the inclination in the fore-and-aft direction of the tunnel forming machine (pitching), and the rotation around the center axis of the tunnel forming machine (rolling). Lately, while the speed caused by the tunnel forming machine has improved, the speed of measuring the position and the posture which are attained by manpower cannot, however, catch up to the required speed of the construction, so that various suggestions have been offered concerning a method and an apparatus for measuring the position and the posture of the tunnel forming machine.
For instance, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 4310818 discloses a method for measuring the position and the posture of the tunnel forming machine, in which a target prism is suspended in a fixed state from the upper portion of the measured wall segment in the tunnel, and an electro-optical distance meter, a bearing gyro, and a dip meter are provided in the upper portion of the tunnel forming machine.
According to the aforementioned method, when the position of the tunnel forming machine is measured by detecting the bearing (the advancing direction and the yawing angle) of the tunnel forming machine by a gyro-compass the actual distance that the tunnel forming machine excavates should be measured in the advancing direction detected by the gyro-compass. However, the tunnel forming machine is sometimes advanced to excavate during a skid. In consequence, as disclosed in the aforementioned application, in the method of using the electro-optical distance meter, in which the target prism is suspended in a fixed state from a point on the upper portion of the measured wall segment in the tunnel and the electro-optical distance meter measures by receiving reflection from the prism to the upper portion of the tunnel forming machine, th
REFERENCES:
patent: 4904081 (1990-02-01), Miyahara
Komatsu Ltd.
Rosenberger Richard A.
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