Catalyst – solid sorbent – or support therefor: product or process – Solid sorbent – Free carbon containing
Patent
1995-05-08
1998-02-17
Caldarola, Glenn
Catalyst, solid sorbent, or support therefor: product or process
Solid sorbent
Free carbon containing
502400, 502407, 502409, 502410, 502411, 502413, 502416, 502417, 502437, 502439, B01J 2002, B01J 2010
Patent
active
057191018
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to the valorization of the residues obtained after de-polluting wool scouring water or liquor.
It relates more especially to a porous, granular material that can be used, in particular, as an absorbent product and as a catalyst support, for example in petrochemistry, in particular for sweetening gasolines.
The invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of this porous, granular material and to the applications of this material.
Raw wool obtained after sheep shearing contains foreign materials such as wool grease (a mixture of esters of alcohols and fatty acids, insoluble in water), suint (a mixture of water soluble organic potassium salts) earth, sand, etc. This wool is washed with water to remove these impurities therefrom. After evaporation of the washing or scouring water, a greasy, earthy mass is obtained.
The Applicant initially had the idea of valorizing wool scouring waters by concentrating them to approximately 70% dry matter by evaporation and thermocompression, and then pyrolyzing, at betweeen 400.degree. and 600.degree. C., the sludge thus obtained in a rotary furnace, with hot gas counter-flow. He thus obtained, on one hand, essentially a mineral material in the form of ashes composed of approximately 70% of granulates and approximately 30% of fine dusts and, on the other hand, by passing the pyrolysis gases through a boiler, high pressure steam used to produce electricity.
The mineral material in question, which is essentially composed of carbon, water-soluble potassium salts, water-insoluble potassium salts, silicates and silica, is used, in powder form (granulates and fine dusts) in agriculture, as a fertilizer.
The granulates are also used as catalyst supports, in particular to sweeten gasolines, or directly to deodorize or bleach liquids.
It has been established, however, that the porous, granular material obtained from this first pyrolysis exhibited a highly irregular performance and, in certain applications, had drawbacks such as insufficient crushing strength and a tendency to disintegrate in the presence of water.
The Applicant thus continued his research with a view to improving this granular material. In this way, he found that, thanks to a second pyrolysis, carried out at temperatures of 700.degree. to 950.degree. C., in particular from 700.degree. to 800.degree. C., and preferably from 700.degree. to 750.degree. C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, it was possible to obtain, reproducibly, a porous, granular material that not only exhibited very good crushing strength and did not disintegrate in the presence of water, but also had a far larger specific surface area than the granulates from the first pyrolysis, with microporosity predominating, to the detriment of macroporosity. These new granulates, which can be obtained either by grinding, compacting and granulation, followed by a second pyrolysis, of the mineral material obtained after the first pyrolysis, or by a second, direct pyrolysis of granulates from the first pyrolysis having a particle size ranging from approximately 1 to 5 mm, are capable, in addition, of fixing, by absorption or adsorption, far larger quantities of products such as catalysts.
More precisely, according to one of its aspects, the invention relates to a porous, granular material comprising carbon, silica, water-soluble mineral salts and water-insoluble mineral salts, characterized in that it does not disintegrate in the presence of water and has: by a mineral matrix of base nature, comprising a crystalline phase of insoluble aluminosilicates.
In the framework of the present invention, the microporosity is taken as being constituted of pores less than or equal to 18.times.10.sup.-10 m (18 .ANG.), while the macroporosity is taken as being constituted of pores larger than or equal to 200.times.10.sup.-10 m (200 .ANG.).
The porous, granular material according to the invention has a particle size at least equal to approximately 1 mm. In the course of its manufacture, that will be described later, if one were to attempt to work wit
REFERENCES:
patent: 2069164 (1937-01-01), Vogel-Jorgensen
patent: 4544650 (1985-10-01), Kinder et al.
patent: 4794097 (1988-12-01), Marty et al.
Bullock In Suk
Caldarola Glenn
Peignage Amedee
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