Hydraulic and earth engineering – Fluid control – treatment – or containment
Patent
1981-12-02
1984-06-05
Taylor, Dennis L.
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Fluid control, treatment, or containment
405 36, 405128, 210170, E02B 700
Patent
active
044525486
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
THE TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to a pond with filtered water having a relatively large and free surface, i.e., a small artificial lake whose bed is filled with treated and clarified water which is prevented from being polluted.
STATE OF THE ART
The pollution of surface waters, such as rivers, ponds, lakes or seas has assumed terrifying proportions. Nowadays, many surface waters are unfit not only for drinking and bathing, but also for industrial purposes. These waters should more and more be referred to as "dead water", in which life in the biological sense is impossible.
Tackling the problems of supplying industries, agricultural establishments, and communities with adequately clarified water which is pure from the hygienic and sanitary points of view becomes more and more urgent. Various proposals have been advanced to solve these problems:
When the surface waters are unit for bathing, beaches are constructed with basins which perform the function and meet the requirements of the recreational area. This concept is followed in the terrain regulation of the power stage system in Gabcikovo-Nagymaros on the Donau. However, these beaches have a very limited capacity. The construction, operating and maintenance costs are extremely high and they can be used to perform one function only.
The aquosity of a water-producing region can be increased by means of ground water basins, whose water is clarified preliminarily. This was copied in various publications. We refer to the Hungarian journal Hidrologiai Kozlony (Hidrological Communications) No. 7/1976 (an article by Karoly Gefferth) and 1/1975 (an article by Drs. Takacs and Andrik). In these articles, the methods are hydrobiological and bacteriological effects of the enrichment of the ground water are explained. However, also the ground water basins can perform only one function; with the preliminarily clarified water only the quantity of water of the water-producing facility can be increased.
In regions with good ground water aquifers, the small quantity of water that can be obtained is increased through supply with preliminarily clarified water. This solution has been copied by Maria Bauer after a Dutch example (Hidrologiai Kozlony, No. 8/1973). It is very uneconomical, the production and operating costs are high and the water thus obtained is unfit for human consumption.
The water of the high tides in spring is less polluted. Thus, it is stored in safety reservoirs and consumed at low tides. This concept is employed in Hungary in the water regime between Tatabanya and Szekesfehervar. However, these safety reservoirs have widely varying levels and can be used for one purpose only. They are unfit for use in a recreational area.
Thus, most prior art solutions require the water to be treated preliminarily, because the pretreated water is stored and finally consumed. Many proposals are known for treating water.
Published West German Pat. DT No. 1 918 682 describes a filter system in which a plurality of parallel filter zones filled with a filter material are provided and a channel is constructed between the filter zones which is surrounded on all sides by a porous membrane.
Published West German Patent Application DT No. 2 400 497 describes a method for the biological improvement of river, pond, and lake water, in which a portion of the water is taken from the polluted pond and fed to an aerated reservoir containing a filling material, such that the water trickling through the reservoir is enriched up to the saturation point and is then allowed to flow back into the pond. This method can only be employed if the pond is slightly polluted.
The other prior art solutions: (West German Pat. No. 2 610 334: Method for the mechanical and chemical treatment of liquid media loaded with solids and ionic pollutants in a filter bed consisting of granular material; West German Pat. No. 2 636 094: Method for the regeneration of water, i.e., to raise the energy level in water and, thereby, its biological value; West German Pat. No. 2 530 722: Method for the nitrifica
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patent: 779703 (1905-01-01), Gardner
patent: 802183 (1905-10-01), Durbrow
patent: 1995367 (1935-03-01), Stewart
patent: 2038316 (1936-04-01), Rosenstein
patent: 3422010 (1969-01-01), Case
patent: 3854291 (1974-12-01), Perkins
patent: 4343696 (1982-08-01), Hung
Balogh Akos
Szeher Laszlo
Komarom Megyei Tanacsi Tervezo Iroda
Taylor Dennis L.
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