Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Carbohydrates or derivatives
Patent
1989-12-29
1992-03-03
Nutter, Nathan M.
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Carbohydrates or derivatives
536 41, 536 20, 536 90, 536 91, 4284111, 428532, 523149, C08L 300, C08L 500, B05D 500
Patent
active
050934856
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a polysaccharide-based composition, its several uses, a solid phase body covered by a film essentially consisting of such composition, and a method of removing undesired contamination on a surface.
Although the present invention originates from scientific research aiming at reducing the energy loss at relative movement, more specifically reducing the friction between a solid body and a liquid contacting such body, the invention is in fact applicable to a multitude of uses in addition to such friction-reducing means, which will be made clear in the following disclosure. However, at the outset, the invention will be somewhat outlined against the background of the problem of reducing the friction between a solid body and a liquid contacting such body at relative movement between body and liquid.
At relative movement between a solid body and a liquid, for example water, a layer of the liquid adheres to the solid body. This layer, the viscous boundary layer, has a thickness of 20 microns at laminar flow but can at turbulent flow reach a thickness of 1%-2% of the waterline length. In the viscous boundary layer the relative movement speed increases from zero to the actual speed. The surface friction develops and acts in the viscous boundary layer.
It is known since long that polymers dissolved in the liquid phase can reduce surface friction between liquid and solid body in concentrations from some ppm:s and more. Friction reductions of up to 80% have been measured at a polymer concentration of 200 ppm.
The experiments performed up to now are based on adding polymers to the mobile liquid phase, the polymer progressively entering by diffusion into the viscous boundary layer. Since the friction-reducing effect of the polymer acts in the viscous boundary layer the polymer concentration of said layer is decisive for the degree of reduction of the friction. In order to reduce surface friction on objects moving in water, experiments using different types of release, for example through nozzles, have shown that unrealistically large quantities of polymers have to be added in order that reduction of the friction shall be attained. This is not surprising since the polymers using this release technique at laminar flow will be added to the bypassing aqueous phase and thereby removed from the surface of the object and its viscous boundary layer.
One object of the present invention is to provide a technique for reducing the friction between a solid body and a liquid whereby the disadvantages of the known techniques are eliminated and a substantial reduction of the friction will be obtained. Thus, on the one hand, the invention aims at substantial reduction of the quality of polymer that has to be added and, on the other hand, while using a substantially reduced quantify of the polymer the invention provides for substantial reduction of the friction.
To attain this object of the present invention there is provided a polysaccharide-based composition comprising at least two components, one of which has a higher dissolvability in water at a certain temperature than the other one at the same temperature.
Another object of the invention is to provide techniques capable of facilitating removal of undesired contamination from surfaces, to provide means for preserving moisture, to provide for protective surface coverage, to provide packaging materials, and to provide means for obtaining slow release for drugs.
The invention also covers bodies in solid phase having a surface coated with a solid film essentially consisting of a composition as outlined above.
Finally, the invention also has for an object to provide a method for the removal of undesired contamination on a surface.
For these and other objects which will be clear from the following the present invention provides for a polysaccharide-based composition, said composition comprising or essentially consisting of: substituted .beta.-1,4 -linked galactan which is dissolvable in water of a certain temperature and which has a molecular weight (Mw) of
REFERENCES:
patent: 2811456 (1957-10-01), Coleman et al.
patent: 2877131 (1959-03-01), Overholt et al.
patent: 3765918 (1973-10-01), Jordan et al.
patent: 5017237 (1991-05-01), Svensson
Nutter Nathan M.
Polysaccharide Industries Aktiebolag Psi
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