Polymers of alkyl-1-vinylimidazloes, the preparation and use the

Details Polymers of alkyl-1-vinylimidazloes, the preparation and use the Polymers of alkyl-1-vinylimidazloes, the preparation and use the

1996-05-20

1998-06-30

Seidleck, James J.

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser

Synthetic resins

Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...

526264, 526260, 526 82, 526222, C08F 2606, C08F 238

Patent

active

057735450

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to polymers of alkyl-1-vinylimidazoles, to a process for preparing polymers of alkyl-1-vinylimidazoles by free-radical polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising 1-vinyltriazole, 1-vinylimidazole, 1-vinyloxazolidinone or mixtures thereof, bonds to the use of polymers which comprise at least 10% by weight of alkyl-1-vinylimidazoles as copolymerized units as additive to detergents to inhibit transfer of dyes during the washing process.
DE-B-22 32 353 discloses detergent and cleaner mixtures which essentially consist of 95-60% by weight of nonionic detergents and 5-40% by weight of a partly or completely water-soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone and are essentially free of anionic surface-active agents. The polymers of vinylpyrrolidone prevent the transfer of dyes from colored to white textiles during the washing process. The polymers of vinylpyrrolidone have molecular weights in the range from about 10,000 to about 1,000,000. Both homopolymers and copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone are suitable. Suitable comonomers mentioned are acrylonitrile and maleic anhydride. The effectiveness of vinylpyrrolidone polymers as inhibitors of transfer of dyes is, however, greatly impaired by anionic surfactants. These polymers have only inadequate effectiveness for a number of dyeings.
DE-A-28 14 287 discloses detergents and cleaners which comprise anionic and/or nonionic surfactants, builders and other conventional detergent additives plus, as discoloration-inhibiting additives, 0.1-10% by weight of water-soluble or water-dispersible homo- or copolymers of N-vinylimidazole. The polymers have a specific viscosity of from 0.01 to 5 in a 1% by weight aqueous solution at 20.degree. C. A serious disadvantage of these polymers is the fact that they are prone to produce very unpleasant odors in detergent formulations. There is reference to this also in EP-A-0 327 927. The polymers can also not always be incorporated into liquid detergents without problems because the resulting mixtures are unstable or cloudy.
J. Inorg. Biochem. 17 (1982) 283-291 discloses the synthesis of poly-2-methyl-1-vinylimidazole and of copolymers of 2-methyl-1-vinylimidazole and 1-vinylpyrrolidone in methanol.
It is an object of the present invention to provide novel substances and a process for preparing polymers of alkyl-1-vinylimidazoles which is easy to carry out industrially. Another object of the invention is to indicate substances which are suitable for use in detergents and which prevent color transfer during the washing process.
We have found that this object is achieved by polymers of alkyl-1-vinylimidazoles which are obtainable by free-radical polymerization of monomer mixtures comprising 1-vinyltriazole, 1-vinylimidazole, 1-vinyloxazolidinone or mixtures thereof, bonds the presence of polymerization regulators.
The object is also achieved according to the invention with a process for preparing polymers of alkyl-1-vinylimidazoles by free-radical polymerization of monomer mixtures comprising 1-vinyltriazole, 1-vinylimidazole, 1-vinyloxazolidinone or mixtures thereof, bonds the polymerization is carried out in the presence of polymerization regulators.
The last-mentioned object of the invention is achieved by using polymers which comprise at least 10% by weight of an alkyl-1-vinylimidazole as copolymerized units as additive to detergents to inhibit transfer of dyes during the washing process.
Suitable group (a) monomers are all 1-vinylimidazoles substituted by at least one alkyl group. They can be characterized, for example, by means of the following formula: ##STR1##
with R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 =H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, with at least one R, R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 substituent being a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl group. The R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 substituents are preferably H, CH.sub.3 and C.sub.2 H.sub.5.
Examples of group (a) monomers are 2-methyl-1-vinylimidazole, 2-ethyl-1-vinylimidazole, 2-propyl-1-vinylimidazole, 2-butyl-1-vinylimidazole, 2,4-dimethyl-1-vinylimidazole, 2,5-dimethyl-1-vinylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methyl-1-vinylimidazole, 2-eth

REFERENCES:
patent: 5094867 (1992-03-01), Detering et al.
Abstract of L.
J. Inorg. Biochem. 17 (1982) 283-291.

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