Polymerizable compositions

Details Polymerizable compositions Polymerizable compositions

1994-10-04

1996-06-25

Lipman, Bernard

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser

Synthetic resins

Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...

5253328, 5253329, 5253331, 5253332, 525342, C08F 832

Patent

active

055300642

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to novel polymeric materials suitable for use as dispersants of filler materials at high concentration in curable, fluid organic materials, to the compositions produced and cured composites obtainable therefrom.
Composites of highly filled polymeric compositions are becoming increasingly used as materials of construction, particularly for kitchen sinks, kitchen surfaces and sanitaryware, because of their attractive appearance and hard wearing properties. Fluid, curable compositions containing high volumes of finely divided fillers suitable for forming such articles have been described in British Patent No. 1 493 393. This specification describes fluid, curable compositions wherein high volumes of filler of specified particle size are dispersed in a curable material using polymeric dispersants. The use of polymeric dispersants enable compositions to be obtained containing high volumes of finely divided fillers, for example 50% by volume, which have a remarkably low viscosity enabling the compositions to be readily handled for example by pumping. This low viscosity, in turn, enables the compositions to be sold as fluid dispersions which can be readily transported to fabricators who can mould articles in inexpensive low pressure moulds. Although some sedimentation will inevitably occur on storage, the polymeric dispersant maintains the filler particles in a state of stable, deflocculation so that the sediment can be readily redispersed by mild agitation to give a dispersion in which the filler particles are substantially uniformly dispersed and will remain so whilst the composition is converted from a fluid dispersion to a fully cured composite. The presence of the polymeric dispersant, and its function of keeping the particles in a state of stable deflocculation, not only enables a low viscosity, redispersible dispersion to be obtained, but ensures that compatibility of the components is maintained as the composition is cured so that a cured product free from cracks and flaws is obtained.
It is also possible to fabricate moulded articles which have a viscosity too high to be of practical value as transportable, low viscosity, redispersible compositions. Nevertheless, these compositions are useful where the fabrication operation is carried out at the same location as the composition is prepared and where storage and redispersion are not a problem. These compositions must also contain fillers which are properly dispersed within the curable composition to avoid problems of flocculation and cracking on polymerisation.
An improved polymeric dispersant has now been developed for use in highly filled curable compositions which in addition to providing a dispersant effect can confer other benefits, particularly on the cured compositions.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a polymeric dispersant comprising (a) a polymeric component containing at least one segment of low Tg polymeric material having a Tg of less than 0.degree. C., preferably less than -25.degree. C., and (b) silicon containing groups of the formula (I) ##STR1## which are pendant from the polymeric component and wherein X is a hydrolysable group such as halogen, alkyl carboxylate, alkoxy carbonyl or a lower hydrocarbyl radical, preferably an alkoxy radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, the polymeric component and a corresponding reactive group on a precursor of the silicon containing group and atoms, which may optionally contain a functional group.
The functional groups pendant from the polymeric component through which the silicon containing group is to be linked include carboxylic acid, anhydride, hydroxyl ester, imide, amine, amide, epoxy and acid chloride groups.
Vinyl double bonds are also to be regarded as functional groups in the context of this invention. The functional groups are preferably pendant from the at least one segment of low Tg polymeric material.
The corresponding reactive group on the precursor of the silicon containing group include amine, mercapto, epoxy, anhydride and

REFERENCES:
patent: 3981851 (1976-09-01), Plueddemann
patent: 4146529 (1979-03-01), Yamamoto et al.
patent: 5223575 (1993-06-01), Mori et al.

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