Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
Patent
1996-10-30
1998-12-22
Schofer, Joseph L.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
5253261, 8647, 428441, 435808, C08F21418, C08F29100, C09B 6910, B32B 1710
Patent
active
058521267
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a composition comprising (a) at least one olefinic monomer (A), (b) a polymer of an olefinic monomer, (c) an indicator dye to the basic structure of which an olefinic polymerisable group is covalently bonded directly or via a bridge group, (d) at least one at least diolefinic cross-linking agent, and (e) at least one polymerisation initiator; to polymers from that composition; to a material coated with the polymer; and to the use thereof.
WO 88/05533 describes sensor membranes that can be copolymerisates of vinylically substituted dye indicators and acrylamides or methacrylamides. The copolymerisates are produced directly on an optical carrier material, for example a glass fibre, for example by dipping a glass fibre into the mixture of monomers, removing the glass fibre and then polymerising the layer. The surface of the glass fibre is functionalised beforehand with acrylamides, so that the polymer is likewise covalently bonded to the surface. Membranes on which a dye indicator has been immobilised are obtained from which it is virtually impossible for the polymer-bonded dye to be washed out. A disadvantage of the described membranes is especially that their layer thicknesses are dependent upon the composition chosen/the viscosity thereof and cannot be controlled in a targeted manner, which has a direct adverse effect on the response times and sensitivities. Usable membranes are therefore obtainable only by chance depending upon the consistency of the monomers chosen.
WO 93/07483 describes sensors for indicating pH value in which the indicator dye is covalently bonded to the hydrophilic polymer membrane in order to prevent it from being washed out through use. The immobilisation is carried out by subsequent treatment of the membrane with a dissolved dye indicator containing functional groups that are capable of reacting with functional groups of the polymer membrane. Furthermore, only certain pre-prepared polymers can be used for a membrane, the mechanical and physical properties of which cannot be selectively adapted to the intended use. The manufacturing process is by its nature associated with a high degree of variation in product quality (for example in the content of dye indicator) which renders continuous production and application in standard systems difficult or impossible.
Analytica Chimica Acta, 276 (1993), 347-352 discloses an electrochemical sensor which contains on a measuring electrode an ion-sensitive membrane which consists of a cross-linked methacrylate polymer obtained in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone. There is no mention of the properties for an optical ion sensor and for this measuring method immobilisation with a dye indicator is not required and is not described.
It has now been found, surprisingly, that polymers of hydrophilic olefinic monomers (A) containing a homo- or co-polymer of the same monomer (A) or of hydrophilic monomer(s) (B) different from (A) and an olefinically substituted dye indicator are excellently suitable as membranes for optical sensors for the determination of ions or gases, for example oxygen or carbon dioxide. The membranes have excellent mechanical strength and the dye indicator is covalently bonded to the polymer spine and therefore cannot be washed out by the measuring solution, which in total ensures a long usable life. The membranes exhibit the necessary optical transparency as a result of an unexpected homogeneous consistency. The desired degree of hydrophilicity can be adjusted in a targeted manner so that, especially for optical pH detection, the pH measuring range can be predetermined by the choice and amount of the hydrophilic monomers and polymers. A further great advantage is that economical production processes, for example spin casting processes, can be used for the coating of the carrier materials, since the viscosity of the polymerisable composition can be set and adapted to the process technology by the choice and amount of the hydrophilic polymer. In addition, ecologically favourable manufacturing proce
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Barnard Steven
Rouilly Marizel
Cheng Wu C.
Novartis AG
Schofer Joseph L.
Wissing William K.
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