Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Composite – Of epoxy ether
Reexamination Certificate
1999-11-12
2001-12-11
Kiliman, Leszek (Department: 1773)
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Composite
Of epoxy ether
C428S474400, C428S446000, C252S609000, C156S326000, C156S330000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06329059
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The proposed invention refers to fire-resistant materials, more particularly to a polymeric composition which can be used as self-extinguishing adhesive or coating. The present invention refers also to a polymeric composition, which can be advantageously used in preparation of such self-extinguishing adhesives and coatings, and also to various articles of manufacture glued or coated by such self-extinguishing adhesives or coatings.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is widely known that epoxy-based organic compounds are excellent and cheap adhesives. Unfortunately they are extremely flammable.
There exists a method of decrease of flammability of epoxy-based adhesives as disclosed in U.S Pat. No. 4,692,272 “Thermally stable adhesive comprising soluble polyimide resin and epoxy resin”. The known method uses adding to epoxy resins of fire-resistant components, e.g., polyimides.
The drawback of the known method is associated with difficulties of application of the mixed epoxy-polyimide adhesive composition to moist substrates. Besides the adhesive power of such mixture to hydrophobic surfaces decreases and relatively high temperatures (100-400 degrees C.) are required for hardening. It is worth to mention that polyimides are very expensive materials as compared to epoxy based adhesives. It can be readily appreciated that adhesive efficiency of the above mentioned adhesives is insufficient, while their cost is high.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The proposed invention is based on the idea of combination of an organic polymeric component (e.g,. epoxy or other resin) with a flame-retardant component. In accordance with the invention it is important that such a composition is a homogeneous mixture which does not exhibit sedimentation or stratification. It has been unexpectedly revealed that it is possible to prepare such a composition by mixing of non polar or polar but non dissociating organic component with quaternary ammonium silicate which functions as efficient flame retardant component.
By virtue of this particular flame-retardant component the composition contains relatively high amount of non-flammable silica which efficiently decreases flammability. At the same time the organic polymeric component determines good adhesive properties of the mixture. As a whole the flammability of such a composition is significantly improved, without however deterioration of its adhesive properties.
It should be pointed out that the composition in accordance with the invention can be used not solely as an adhesive for gluing of various substrates but also as a coating which can be reliably and easy applicable to those substrates.
It should be also appreciated that the composition of the invention may contain some other additives that impart specific properties to adhesive or coating. Among such additives can be mentioned fillers, pigments, surfactants, cross-linking agents, polymerization initiators, etc.
It is possible to use in the composition of the invention standard commercially available inorganic fillers, e.g. Aerosil, calcium carbonatc, magnesium carbonate, urea and talc. As suitable pigment one can use titanium dioxide, iron oxide, chromium oxide, etc.
In order to exhibit adhesive properties the composition should also contain a hardening agent. In accordance with the invention this hardening agent should be either non-polar or polar but not dissociating compound. In particular if the composition contains an epoxy resin as an adhesive component then it is advantageous to use as hardening agent an organic compound, which is chosen from the family of aliphatic amines, for example di-ethylene-tetra-amines. In particular one can use sim-tetra-amine-(n-butane).
In accordance with the invention it is commendable to use quaternary ammonium silicates which are compatible with the involved organic adhesive component in terms of their capability to form a homogeneous mixture with the organic component.
It has been empirically found that if the adhesive component is an epoxy-diane resin produced by condensation of epychlorhydryne with diphenylol-propane in alkali medium, then it is very advantageous in terms of compatibility to employ a quaternary ammonium silicate containing at least one radical having four corbon atoms.
It is also commendable in terms of efficiency of flame retardation to use quaternary ammonium silicates with maximal content of silica in the molecule. The amount of silica will be defined further as so called silicate modulus which is the ratio between the total amount of silica in the molecule of quaternary ammonium silicate (presenting both as [SiO
3
]
2−
and as SiO
2
) to the content of ammonium in the molecule of the quaternary ammonium silicate. It has been found that silicate modulus of at least 4.5 is very favorable for obtaining self-extinguishing properties and at the same time does not deteriorate the compatibility with the adhesive component.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4692272 (1987-09-01), Goswami
Danilov et al., The State of Silica in Concentrated Low-Alkalinity Solutions of Tetrabutylammonium Silicates, Journal of Applied Chemistry of the USSR, UDC 666.968, p. 1421.
Standard Test Method for Fatigue Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading (Metal/Metal)1. Designation: D 3166-93, pp. 209-211.
Korneev et al., Liquid and Soluble Glass, Stroyisdat, 1996, pp. 84-85.
Figovsky Oleg
Karchevsky Valeria
Romm Freddy
Shapovalov Leonid
Amsil Ltd.
Blank Rome Comisky & McCauley LLP
Kiliman Leszek
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