Liquid crystal cells – elements and systems – Particular structure – Having significant detail of cell structure only
Patent
1996-08-12
1999-02-02
Sikes, William L.
Liquid crystal cells, elements and systems
Particular structure
Having significant detail of cell structure only
349110, 349128, 349129, G02F 11337, G02F 1137
Patent
active
058672370
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a method for producing a liquid crystal display device. More particularly, the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device comprising the display component of an information equipment terminal, television or home appliance product, and a method of producing the liquid crystal display device.
2. Description of Related Art
In recent years, as information equipment has become more compact and lightweight, display devices to be mounted on such equipment have been sought that consume less power. Liquid crystal display devices, by means of the TN mode, are utilized as reflective displays in small display capacity equipment. Liquid crystal display devices, by means of the FTN mode, are utilized in mid-range display capacity equipment. Furthermore, uses wherein an information input apparatus, such as a tablet or the like, is included on the reflective-type display are also expanding, and brightness and good visibility are required in reflective-type liquid crystal display devices.
However, because TN-format and FTN-format liquid crystal display devices that use conventional polarizing plates have low light utilizing efficiency, the problem arises that these displays become dark when made reflective. Moreover, an extremely dark display results when an information input apparatus, such as a tablet or the like, is included. In addition, because a reflective plate is placed over the polarizing plate on the back surface of the substrate, positioned on the back side of the device, in order to make a reflective model with TN format or FTN format, double images occur in the display, small characters are unclear, and there are problems with visibility.
On the other hand, bright reflective-type displays that do not use polarizing plates have come to be developed recently. For example, a liquid crystal display device that uses a polymer dispersion liquid crystal in which liquid crystal and polymer are mutually dispersed, and that performs control so that the display is transparent when an electric field is applied and the light is scattered when no electric field is applied has been disclosed (Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication Sho 58-501631). Liquid crystal display devices that perform control so that the light is scattered when an electric field is applied and the display is transparent or light is absorbed when no electric field is applied have also been disclosed (European Patent Application EPO 488116A2, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication Hei 4-227684, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication Hei 5-119302).
In particular, in the polymer dispersion-type liquid crystal display device using a polymer dispersion liquid crystal disclosed in European Patent Application EPO 488116A2, in which the liquid crystal and polymer are mutually orientation dispersed, it is possible to also use the electrodes as light reflecting surfaces because no polarizing plate is used. In this case, visibility, high precision and brightness, which cannot be achieved in TN and FTN modes that require polarizing plates, are obtained, and it is possible to obtain a reflective display with superior display quality.
However, the conventional art that has been disclosed with regard to polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display devices use polymer dispersion liquid crystal in which the liquid crystal and polymer are mutually orientation dispersed. Although it is possible to resolve the problems of a liquid crystal display device that uses a polarizing plate, it is necessary for the liquid crystal to be twisted by not less than 360.degree. in order to obtain sufficient scattering characteristics and to secure brightness. As a result, the problem arises that the driving voltage becomes high.
For example, large capacity displays are possible by forming active devices such as TFT (thin film transistor) or MIM (metal-insulator-metal) devices at each pixel and providing electric signal control at each pixel. However,
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K. Sumiyoshi et al., "A Complementary TN-LCD With Wide-Viewing-Angle Gray Scale," Journal of the Society for Information Display, vol. 2, No. 1, Apr. 1, 1994., pp. 31-36.
Chino Eiji
Iisaka Hidehito
Kobayashi Hidekazu
Tsuchiya Yutaka
Yamada Shuhei
Duong Tai V.
Seiko Epson Corporation
Sikes William L.
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