Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
Patent
1997-12-23
2000-05-23
Seidleck, James J.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
525 64, 525143, 525316, 525302, C08L 5100, C08F26504, C08F29102, C08F28500
Patent
active
060666935
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to graft copolymers (P1) having an average particle size of from 40 to 2000 nm and containing at least than 10.degree. C. as a grafting base, which segment contains at least one acrylate as the monomer or as one of two or more monomers copolymerizable with one another, and at least one crosslinking agent (P1.1) and as a graft layer, which segment contains at least one vinylaromatic monomer as one of two or more monomers copolymerizable with one another, base P1.1 comprising at least one vinylaromatic monomer and that region facing away from the grafting base comprising at least one vinylaromatic monomer with at least one monomer copolymerizable therewith (P1.2).
The present invention furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of these segments and to the use thereof for the preparation of graft copolymers, processes for the preparation of these graft copolymers, the use thereof in blends, blends containing graft copolymers, processes for the preparation of these blends and the use of these graft copolymers and blends for the preparation of thermoplastic materials and these thermoplastic materials. Preferred embodiments are described in both the subclaims and the description. The present invention furthermore relates to moldings, films, fibers and coatings which contain or use the novel graft copolymers, blends and materials.
Graft copolymers, which are frequently also referred to as core-shell particles, are known, for example, as impact modifiers for plastics, such as styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate. They may be composed of two or more stages. The grafting base, the core, may consist of an elastomeric soft segment, ie. one having a glass transition temperature of less than about 25.degree. C., for example less than 0.degree. C., or a nonelastomeric, hard segment, ie. one having a glass transition temperature of more than about 25.degree. C., for example more than 50.degree. C. The graft layer or shell, can accordingly be hard or soft, respectively, while, in the case of multistage graft copolymers, alternately hard or soft and soft or hard, respectively.
The glass transition temperature of the individual stages can be influenced in each case by the choice of the monomers and also by the addition of one or more crosslinking agents. For example, compounds or monomers which have two or more functional groups which are capable of reacting with the monomers forming the grafting base or graft layer have crosslinking activity. If all functional groups of the polyfunctional monomer react at the same rate, these monomers have only a crosslinking effect. If, however, the crosslinking agents contain functional groups of different reactivity, the functional groups which have not reacted may serve as grafting points, for example for binding a graft layer to the grafting base. Such crosslinking agents therefore have not only cross-linking activity but also graft-linking activity.
The purposes for which graft copolymers may be used, for example the manner in which they influence optical quality, colorability, stability to weathering or cracking under impact and stress crack corrosion in molding materials, depend on their composition as well as on their size and morphology.
EP 450 485 discloses graft copolymers of thermoplastic materials having grafting bases comprising elastomeric crosslinked acrylate polymers, the grafting bases having average particle sizes of from 50 to 150 nm or from 200 to 700 nm, with graft shells which contain a vinylaromatic monomer, and further graft shells comprising styrene-containing copolymers. These are inferior to the novel thermoplastic materials, graft copolymer blends and graft copolymers, in particular with respect to the temperature-independence of the mechanical properties without deterioration of other properties, for example the colorability, and with respect to the defined core-shell morphology.
In order to obtain thermoplastic materials having good impact strength, graft
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patent: 5196480 (1993-03-01), Seitz et al.
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Fischer Michael
Fischer Wolfgang
Rosenau Bernhard
Asinovsky O.
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Seidleck James J.
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