Abrasive tool making process – material – or composition – Impregnating or coating an abrasive tool
Patent
1993-04-02
1995-08-01
Jones, Deborah
Abrasive tool making process, material, or composition
Impregnating or coating an abrasive tool
451532, 451536, B24D 1102
Patent
active
054377005
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to composite polyester/viscose spun yarns and fabrics containing the same. The present invention also relates to a method of making composite polyester/viscose spun yarns and fabrics containing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
Conventional, flexible backing for coated abrasive articles include cloth fabrics containing combed cotton yarn (e.g., combed Egyptian cotton yarn). Such flexible backings are woven textiles typically prepared by weaving a sized combed cotton warp yarn and an unsized combed cotton weft yarn.
The warp yarns are typically sized to aid in the consolidation of the warp yarns during weaving. The sizing agent, however, decreases the adhesiveness of materials attached to the sized fibers. To improve the adhesive coupling, as well as the flexibility and surface qualities of the woven fabric, the warp yarns are usually desized by conventional desizing techniques. The desized warp yarns are usually then stretched in an aqueous-based solution or dispersion. The woven fabric optionally is presized, backsized, or both.
The resulting woven fabric is then coated on one face (preferably, the front face) with an abrasive layer comprising a bonding material and abrasive grains or particles.
The commercial success of woven textile backings comprising combed cotton yarn resides in the qualities of flexibility, surface condition and cohesion, and, most particularly, tensile strength. Woven fabric comprising combed Egyptian cotton yarn, when conditioned at zero percent relative humidity and at a temperature of about 20.degree.-25.degree. C., generally have a weight of up to 220 g, a tensile strength in the warp direction of about 140 daN/5 cm and a tensile strength in the weft direction of about 60 daN/5 cm.
There have been several attempts, with varying degrees of success, to make suitable woven fabrics for use as coated abrasive backings from fibers other than the relatively expensive cotton fibers.
For example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,316,072 (Voss) states the use of synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers in fabrics used as backings for coated abrasive have not been successful because the adherence of adhesives to the synthetic fibers is practically nil. To overcome this adhesion problem, patentee made yarns having synthetic fiber cores with a sheath of cellulose fibers. Although patentee states woven fabric made from the composite cotton/synthetic yarn has higher tensile strength and greater resistance to tear than woven fabric made with conventional cotton yarn, woven fabric made from the composite cotton synthetic yarn is slightly less flexible than woven fabric made from conventional cotton yarn.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,035,961 (Pemrick et al.), which teaches a woven heat stretched fabric of polyester yarns, states that the use of fabrics made from man-made fibers, with the exception of polynosic rayon, have had limited success as coated abrasive backings because of poor adhesion of the coated abrasive bond system to the fabric.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,282,011 (Terpay) discloses a woven fabric comprising glass fibers cushioned from each other by organic fibers (e.g., fibers of cotton, polyester, polyester-cotton blend, nylon, wool, acrylic, acetate, and mixtures thereof) in the warp direction and organic fibers in the weft direction.
Great Britain Pat. No. 1,251,676, published Oct. 27, 1971, teaches a method of making a fabric comprising interweaving weft yarns and sized warp yarns; finishing the resulting woven fabric with a finishing agent which contains an organic solvent emulsified in an aqueous medium, the organic solvent being a swelling agent at temperatures of 15 to 45.degree. C. and a solvent at temperatures above 65 to 200.degree. C.; and heating the finished fabric to a temperature at which the organic solvent is a solvent for the size on the warp yarns so that the finish is bonded to the size. By virtue of the inclusion of the emulsified organic solvent in the finishing agent, the finish is finely adhered to the size on the warp yarns, providi
REFERENCES:
patent: 3316072 (1967-04-01), Voss
patent: 4035961 (1977-07-01), Pemrick et al.
patent: 4282011 (1981-08-01), Terpay
Polyester Fibres, H. Ludewig, Wiley--Interscience, 1964, p. 429 (no month).
Allen Gregory D.
Griswold Gary L.
Jones Deborah
Kirn Walter N.
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company
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