Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – From carboxylic acid or derivative thereof
Patent
1995-03-23
1996-10-22
Seidleck, James J.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
From carboxylic acid or derivative thereof
428373, 428364, C08G 6302
Patent
active
055677967
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/JP94/01242 filed Jul. 28, 1994.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to polyester fibers or filaments having improved properties in dyeability, deep color dyeability and lightfastness. The present invention further relates to composite fibers comprising the polyester constituting the above polyester fibers as a component, mixed filament yarns with differently shrinkable filaments or sheath-core textured yarns comprising the above polyester filaments as a component, and blended spun yarns comprising the above polyester staple fibers as a component.
2. Background Art
Polyester fibers represented by polyethylene terephthalate fibers have been used in a wide range of applications because of their superior characteristics. However, the fibers have disadvantages in color brightness, color depth particularly in deep black tone, and color development as compared to natural fibers, such as wool and silk, and semi-synthetic fibers such as rayon and acetate fibers.
These disadvantages are caused, generally, by the fact that polyester fibers are dyed with disperse dyes which tend to give an insufficient brightness to the dyed articles, and that polyester fibers have a higher refractive index in a direction perpendicular to the fiber axis of 1.7 as compared to other fibers, which increases light reflectivity on the fiber surface, thereby increasing the intensity of white light reelection and scattering from the surface of fabrics comprising polyester fibers.
To improve these disadvantages, many proposals for introducing dyeable sites for bright color dyes such as cationic dyes and acidic dyes into polyester fibers have been offered. These modifications have improved the dyed fabrics in color brightness, but achieved no substantial success in reducing the white light reflection and scattering and in improving color depth due to the high refractive index of the fibers.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 42938/1992 proposes covering the surface of polyester fibers with a compound having a low refractive index, to achieve deep color dyeability. The publication mentions as examples of this type of compound organic fluorine and organosilicon compounds.
Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 20304/1987 and 28229/1987 propose a method which comprises forming, on the surface of polyester fibers, fine projections and recesses having a pitch smaller than light wave length, thereby suppressing reflection and scattering of light on the fiber surface.
However, with the fibers covered with a low refractive index compound, the covering film has poor durability against dry cleaning. Besides, the covered fibers, if they have achieved a sufficient deep color dyeability at all, give dyed articles having the new drawbacks of poor hand, colorfastness and lightfastness.
The fibers with a very minutely toughened surface obtained by the above method suffer a damage to the toughened surface during post-processing, which reduces the effect of suppressing reflection and scattering of light on the fiber surface. Besides, fabrics made from this type of fibers tend to have a poor appearance due to wear when they are worn.
One of the modifications of polyester fibers is highly shrinkable fibers, which are used for the following applications: (1) they are combined with less shrinkable fibers, and fabrics made therefrom are heat treated to achieve a bulky hand created by the difference in the fiber length; (2) the highly shrinkable fibers with a large fineness are combined with less shrinkable fibers with a small fineness, and fabrics made therefrom are heat treated to produce fiber length difference, whereby the fine fibers positioned on the fabric surface produce a gentle surface touch and the coarse fibers positioned in the fabric core produces good HARI (anti-drape stiffness) and KOSHI (stiffness); (3) the highly shrinkable fibers are used as ground yarns of pile knit or pile fabrics, thereby increasing the density of loops or fluffs; (4) a highly shrinkable polymer is used as a com
REFERENCES:
Polyesters Containing the Norbornane Structure "Journal of Polymer Science" vol. 10, 3191 3204 (1972) Wilson et al.
Hirakawa Kiyoshi
Kawamoto Masao
Migaki Atsuko
Nakatsukasa Sigeki
Sugoh Nozomu
Kuraray Co. Ltd.
Seidleck James J.
Truong Duc
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