Polycationic condensates as color transfer inhibiting and...

Details Polycationic condensates as color transfer inhibiting and... Polycationic condensates as color transfer inhibiting and...

1999-12-20

2001-07-17

Hardee, John (Department: 1751)

Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions

Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing

Specific organic component

Reexamination Certificate

active

06262011

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to the use of polycationic condensates as color transfer inhibiting and color release reducing additive to detergents and fabric conditioners, and to detergents and fabric conditioners which comprise polycationic condensates.
2. Description of the Background
When colored textiles are washed, the dye is partly released from the colored textiles and transferred from the wash liquor to other fabrics. If, for example, white laundry is washed together with colored textiles, the white laundry becomes soiled. In order to prevent transfer of the released textile dye from the wash liquor to the laundry, color detergents which contain polymeric color transfer inhibitors have been developed. The latter comprise, for example, homo- and copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole, cf. DE-B-22 32 353 and DE-A-28 14 287.
EP-A-0 462 806 discloses the use of cationic dye fixatives in after-wash treatment baths together with fabric softeners. The after-treatment of the laundry takes place in usual domestic washing machines at temperatures below 40° C. The dye fixatives can, according to the statements in the application, also be employed in nonionic detergents. The cationic fixatives slow down the release of the dye from the colored textiles during the treatment process.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide more effective compositions for suppressing release and transfer of dyes to other textiles during the washing and during the after-treatment of colored textiles.
We have found that this objective is achieved by the use of polycationic condensates obtainable by condensing
(a) piperazine, 1-alkylpiperazines having 1 to 25 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, 1,4-dialkylpiperazines having 1 to 25 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, 1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine, 1-(2-hydroxyalkyl)piperazines having 2 to 25 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, imidazole, C
1
-C
25
—C-alkylimidazoles or mixtures of said compounds with
(b) alkylene dihalides, epihalohydrins and/or bisepoxides in the molar ratio from 1:0.8 to 1:1.1 and, where appropriate, quaternization of the condensates with C
4
-C
25
-alkylating agents
or by heating triethanolamine or triisopropanolamine in the presence of acidic catalysts and quaternizing the condensates with C
4
-C
25
-alkylating agents
as color transfer inhibiting and color release reducing additive to detergents and fabric conditioners.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The condensates preferably used for this purpose are obtainable by condensing
(a) piperazine, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine, imidazole, C
1
-C
3
-C-alkylimidazoles or mixtures of said compounds with
(b) 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,3-dichloropropane, 1,4-dichlorobutane, epichlorohydrin, bisepoxybutane or mixtures of said compounds and,
where appropriate,
(c) quaternizing the condensates with C
6
-
22
-alkyl halides or C
8
-C
22
-epoxides
or by heating triethanolamine or triisopropanolamine with acidic catalysts and quaternizing the condensates with C
6
-C
22
-alkyl halides or C
8
-C
22
-epoxides.
The molecular weight of the condensates is, for example, from 500 to 100 000, preferably 1 000 to 50 000. Particularly preferred cationic condensates have molecular weights in the range from 1500 to 25 000.
The degree of guaternization of the amino groups in the condensates is, for example, at least 25%, preferably at least 50%. The best results are obtained with cationic condensates in which the degree of quaternization of the amino groups is from 70 to 100%. The condensates described above are disclosed in EP-B 0 209 787 and EP-A-0 223 064 as after-treatment agents for improving the wet fastness of colorings and printings with reactive dyes. The polycationic condensates particularly preferably employed for the applications according to the invention are those obtainable by reacting
(a) piperazine and/or imidazole with
(b) epihalohydrin
or by-heating triethanolamine or triisopropanolamine in presence of acidic catalysts
and subsequently reacting with C
4
-C
22
-alkyl halides, in particular C
6
-C
12
-alkyl halides such as, in particular, benzyl chloride.
The polycationic condensates are soluble in water or easily dispersible therein. They are preferably prepared by reacting the components in aqueous medium or without diluent. If the condensation is carried out in aqueous solution, the concentration of nonaqueous constituents is, for example, from 10 to 80, preferably 20 to 60, % by weight.
The polycationic condensates described above are used according to the invention either as additive to detergents or as additive to fabric conditioners. The cationic condensates prevent or suppress release of dyes from colored textiles during the washing process or during the after-treatment. The condensates to be used according to the invention have a maximum effect at concentrations of as little as from 10 to 100 ppm in the wash or rinse liquor, for example in the absence of anionic surfactants. There is virtually no increase in the efficacy if the amount used is increased further. By contrast, on use of dye fixatives disclosed in EP-A-0 462 806, the concentrations required to reach the effect which can be achieved with the condensates according to the invention are about 500 ppm.
The invention additionally relates to detergents which comprise
(i) 1-50% by weight of at least one nonionic surfactant,
(ii) 0-4.0% by weight, preferably to 2.5%, of an anionic surfactant and
(iii) 0.05-2.5% by weight of at least one polycationic condensate
which is obtainable by condensing
(a) piperazine, 1-alkylpiperazines having 1 to 25 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, 1,4-dialkylpiperazines having 1 to 25 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, 1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine, 1-(2-hydroxyalkyl)piperazines having 2 to 25 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, imidazole, C
1
-C
25
-alkylimidazoles or mixtures of said compounds with
(b) alkylene dihalides, epihalohydrins and/or bisepoxides
in the molar ratio from 1:0.8 to 1:1.1 and, where appropriate, quaternization of the condensates with C
4
-C
25
-alkylating agents
or by heating triethanolamine or triisopropanolamine in the presence of acidic catalysts and quaternizing the condensates with C
4
-C
25
-alkylating agents.
Examples of suitable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated C
8
-C
22
-alcohols. The alkoxylation can be carried out with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide. The surfactants which can be employed in this case are all alkoxylated alcohols which contain at least two molecules of an abovementioned alkylene oxide in the adduct. Said alkylene oxide adducts can be block copolymers of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide or adducts which contain said alkylene oxides in random distribution. The nonionic surfactants contain, for example, from 2 to 50, preferably 3 to 20, mol of at least one alkylene oxide per mole of alcohol in the adduct. Ethylene oxide is preferably employed as alkylene oxide. The alcohols are preferably derived from compounds having 10 to 18 carbon atoms. These may be natural or synthetic alcohols.
Another class of nonionic surfactants comprises alkyl polyglucosides having 8 to 22, preferably 10 to 18, carbon atoms in the alkyl chain. These compounds contain, for example, from 1 to 20, preferably 1.1 to 5, glucoside units.
Another class of nonionic surfactants comprises N-alkylglucamides of the general structure I or II
where A is C
6
-C
22
-alkyl, B is H or C
1
-C
4
-alkyl and C is a polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 5 to 12 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups. A is preferably C
10
-C
18
-alkyl, B is preferably CH
3
and C is preferably a C
5
or C
6
radical. Compounds of this type are obtained, for example, by acylating reductively aminated sugars with C
10
-C
18
-carbonyl chlorides. The detergent formulations preferably contain C
10
-C
18
-alcohols, ethoxylated with 3-12 mol of ethylene oxide, particularly preferab

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