Polycarbonates, uses thereof, processes for preparing and purify

Details Polycarbonates, uses thereof, processes for preparing and purify Polycarbonates, uses thereof, processes for preparing and purify

1992-05-14

1994-03-15

Johnson, Jerry D.

Compositions

Electrolytes for electrical devices

252 68, 252 52A, 558265, 558266, C10M12902, C09K 500

Patent

active

052943569

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to novel polycarbonates and uses thereof, more particularly to polycarbonates which are excellent in compatibility with hydrogenated fluorocarbon (HFC) used as a refrigerant for refrigerators such as Freon R-134a or R-152a which is nondestructive to the ozone layer, hydrogenated chlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) which is small in ozone depletion potential such as Freon R-22, R-123 or R-124, and mixtures of the above-mentioned hydrogenated products and also excellent in lubricating properties. This invention also relates to lubricant oil comprising such polycarbonates as mentioned above, particularly those suitable for use in refrigerators where Freon which is nondestructive to the ozone layer is used as a refrigerant.
Further, the present invention relates to polycarbonates excellent in compatibility and lubricating properties as aforesaid and also excellent in electrical insulation properties, and to lubricant oil and electrical insulating oil comprising such polycarbonates as mentioned above, particularly lubricant oil suitable for use in refrigerators where Freon which is nondestructive to the ozone layer is used as a refrigerant, and lubricant oil and electrical insulating oil suitable for use in electric refrigerators.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes for preparing and purifying the polycarbonates as mentioned above.


TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

With the alteration of refrigerant gas for refrigerators to hydrogenated fluorocarbons such as Freon R-134a (CH.sub.2 F-CF.sub.3) which is an ozone layer-nondestructive HFC, mineral oils or alkylbenzenes which have heretofore been used as lubricant oil for refrigerators have come not to be used therefor because they have no compatibility with the refrigerant gas Accordingly, such compounds as polypropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol monoalkyl ether and polypropylene glycol dialkyl ether have come to be used as lubricant oil for refrigerators. However, the above-mentioned compounds are low in compatibility with Freon R-134a, and there was such a problem that among the compounds mentioned above, those having such high viscosity as a kinematic viscosity at 100.degree. C. of more than 15 cSt are particularly low in compatibility with Freon 134a, and hence exhibit low performance as a lubricant oil for refrigerators, for example, a lubricant oil for a rotary automatic air-conditioner.
By the way, polycarbonates are materials which are usable as various lubricant oils or components thereof. However, polycarbonates known heretofore have a volume resistivity of the order of 10.sup.11 to 10.sup.12 .OMEGA..cm, and they were not always sufficient to show good electrical insulation properties when used in the fields of lubricant oils and electrical insulating oils where the electrical insulation properties are required.
Accordingly, there has heretofore been desired not only the advent of highly viscous compounds excellent in lubricating properties as well as electrical insulating properties and also in compatibility with Freon R-134a but also the advent of lubricant oils for refrigerators containing such compounds as mentioned above.
French Patent No. 2,321,477 discloses tricarbonate of trimethylolpropane represented by the following general formula. ##STR1##
In the above general formula, R is branched or non-branched alkyl of 4-12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl, allyl or aralkyl which may be substituted sometimes with lower alkyl. Accordingly to the above-cited French patent, it is alleged that the disclosed tricarbonate can be used as a main component of lubricants stable to heat, and the lubricants containing this tricarbonate may be used particularly in supersonic aircraft
Of the polycarbonates, particularly those having an alkyl group at the molecular terminals have such an advantage that they are low in hygroscopicity. Japanese Patent L-O-P Publn. No. 3865/1971 discloses a process for preparing such polycarbonates. That is, this Japanese publication teaches that such polycarbonates as mentioned above may be o

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