Polycarbonate, and molding and electrophotographic photoreceptor

Details Polycarbonate, and molding and electrophotographic photoreceptor Polycarbonate, and molding and electrophotographic photoreceptor

1998-10-20

2000-10-24

Dawson, Robert

Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product th

Radiation sensitive product

Identified backing or protective layer containing

428412, 430 61, 430 69, 430905, 430908, 528 26, G03L 176, G03G 1504, C08G 7704

Patent

active

061365211

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a novel polyorganosiloxane-containing polycarbonate and to a molding prepared therefrom.
The present invention also relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor, which has a photosensitive layer having a surface layer containing the polyorganosiloxane-containing polycarbonate and maintains high mechanical strength and good electrophotographic properties for a long term.


BACKGROUND ART

Polyorganosiloxanes having organic functional groups are used widely, for example as modifiers for organic resins, surfactants or fiber-treating agents. The chemical structures of such polyorganosiloxanes depend on the kinds, numbers and positions of the organic functional groups, and so on, and are selected properly according to uses. Particularly, to modify organic resins by incorporating polyorganosiloxanes into the molecules of the organic resins by copolymerization, organic functional groups copolymerizable with the organic resins should be chosen, and the number and positions thereof should also be adjusted precisely. Some of such polyorganosiloxanes have organic functional groups at both ends of the molecule chain, and some have an organic functional group at only one end of the molecule chain. The former having organic functional groups at both ends of the molecule chain are used to modify organic resins produced mainly by condensation polymerization, such as polyester resins, polyamide resins, polycarbonate resins and polysulfones. Such polyorganosiloxanes involve the problem that the copolymerization thereof with organic resin monomers cannot give graft copolymers having polyorganosiloxane chains branching from the molecular chain of the organic resins. The latter having one organic functional group at one end of the molecule chain also involve the problems that when copolymerized in the same manner, they cannot improve the properties of the resulting organic resins sufficiently.
To solve these problems, polyorganosiloxanes having two or more organic functional groups at one end of the molecule chain were proposed (Japanese Patent Application Unexamined Publication No. 4-323222 (1992)), but are inapplicable to modify polycarbonates and polysulfones because their organic functional groups are limited to amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and epoxy.
Polycarbonate resins, being excellent in heat resistance and impact resistance, have been used extensively. They, however, are poor in moldability, releasability and water repellence. So, there are proposed the addition of additives, such as plasticizers and release agents, and copolymerization with polyorganosiloxanes having the above-described organic functional groups. The latter technique gives, for example, polycarbonate resins containing siloxane units in the main chain (Japanese Patent Application Unexamined Publication No. 3-79626 (1991)), and polycarbonate resins wherein siloxane chains are grafted to improve the free rotation of polyorganosiloxane chains (Japanese Patent Application Unexamined Publication Nos. 5-155999 (1993) and 7-165897 (1995)). Even in the latter polycarbonate resins, the free rotation of polyorganosiloxane chains are not enough to sufficiently improve the surface properties including moldability, releasability and water repellence.
In electrophotographic photoreceptor industries, the conventional inorganic photoreceptors used in copying machines, printers and facsimiles are being replaced by organic electrophotographic photoreceptors (OPC) which are superior in non-environmental pollution, productivity and the possibility of various modifications. Even in high-speed and highly durable machines, wherein inorganic photoreceptors have been unrivaled, there is a movement toward the use of organic electrophotographic photoreceptors. This movement, however, is retarded because the conventional organic electrophotographic photoreceptors are inferior to inorganic photoreceptors in durability and cause severe toner-filming, which is a defect in printed images caused by foreign matter (toner, paper powder,

REFERENCES:
patent: 5932677 (1999-08-01), Hoover et al.

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