Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Solid synthetic organic polymer as designated organic active... – Aftertreated polymer
Patent
1993-01-15
1995-12-12
Webman, Edward J.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Solid synthetic organic polymer as designated organic active...
Aftertreated polymer
424 7818, 424 7817, 424486, 525102, 5253261, 525342, 525379, 525923, 5147724, C08F 832, A61K 4748, A61K 4732
Patent
active
054747678
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to functionalized polymeric materials and, more particularly, relates to water insoluble controlled density polyamines which are cross-linked. The subject polyamines swell at pH values of about 8 or less but do not swell at pH values above about 8. In addition, such polyamines can be functionalized to modify the properties thereof. For example, the polyamines can be quaternized rendering the polymeric material swellable at pH values greater than about 8, and/or a drug can be attached to such polyamines.
2. Related Art
It is well known in the art to convert olefins to aldehydes having one additional carbon atom by contacting a C.sub.2 to C.sub.20 monoolefin or a C.sub.5 to C.sub.5000 nonconjugated polyolefin with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst based on cobalt or rhodium metal. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,871,878.
It is also known, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,383,426, to hydroformylate polymers utilizing hydrocarbon-soluble phosphine and phosphite catalyst complexes which include a Group VIII transition metal and at least one ligand consisting of a carbon monoxide molecule.
The principle of obtaining amines starting from an olefin, hydrogen carbon monoxide and a primary or secondary amine is known. Various techniques embodying this principle have been described using catalysts of various kinds. Such techniques are generally referred to as aminomethylation reactions.
Helvetica Chemical Acta, Volume 53, pages 1440 to 1445 (1971) U.S. Pat. No. 3,947,458 (1976), teach catalytic aminomethylation of olefins employing a rhodium oxide catalyst, an iron carbonyl catalyst and a mixed rhodium oxide/iron carbonyl catalyst.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,096,150 (1978) discloses a process for the manufacture of tertiary amines wherein an olefin, hydrogen, CO and secondary amine are reacted in the presence of a coordination complex catalyst of a Group VIII metal and a ligand, the donor atom of which is oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur.
Amines can be prepared from a dehydrogenated paraffin feedstock reacted with a nitrogen-containing compound, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a rhodium or ruthenium-containing compound. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,179,469.
It is known to prepare tertiary amines by reacting a long-chain olefin with carbon monoxide, hydrogen and a primary or secondary amine in the presence of a catalyst comprising rhodium and/or ruthenium and using a specifically outlined solvent which allows for phase separation. See U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,448,996 and 4,250,115.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,207,260 (1980) to Imai discloses tertiary amines prepared by reacting an aldehyde, hydrogen and a nitrogen-containing compound in the presence of rhodium or ruthenium-containing catalyst at temperatures in the range of 50.degree.-350.degree. F. and a pressure in the range of 10 to 600 atm. Another U.S. patent to Imai (U.S. Pat. No. 4,220,764 1980) teaches preparation of tertiary amines by a similar process except that the catalyst comprises a rhodium chloride rather than a rhodium carbonyl.
It is also known that phosphite ligands can be used to stabilize unsaturated rhodium species in order to hydroformylate otherwise unreactive olefins under mild conditions. No ruthenium carbonyl is employed in this process. See for example, Van Leeuwen et al report in an article in the J. Organometallic Chem. 258 (1983) 343-350.
In J. Org. Chem. 47, 445 (1991), Jachimowicz et al disclose various approaches which have been used in attempts to devise a one-step, efficient and general conversion of olefins to amines. Among the catalysts are iron pentacarbonyl, rhodium oxide, ruthenium/iron carbonyl and iridium catalysts.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,297,481, Jachimowicz discloses a process for forming a polymeric polyamine/amide wherein said amino/amido nitrogens are positioned in the polymer backbone by contacting a monomeric nitrogen compound which has at least two labile hydrogens bonded to the nitrogen atoms therein, a monomeric hydrocarbon compound contain
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Monsanto Company
Passley Paul L.
Smith Charles E.
Thierstein Joan
Webman Edward J.
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