Polyamide composition including metal salt

Details Polyamide composition including metal salt Polyamide composition including metal salt

1999-10-29

2001-11-13

Hampton-Hightower, P. (Department: 1711)

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser

Synthetic resins

From carboxylic acid or derivative thereof

C528S170000, C528S272000, C528S288000, C528S292000, C528S322000, C528S308000, C528S339000, C528S332000, C528S335000, C528S336000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06316587

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a polyamide composition which includes an alkylene oxide group-containing polyetheramide or polyetheresteramide and a metal salt, and more particularly to a polyamide composition with long lasting antistatic properties and a lower surface resistivity than the polyamide alone.
2. Description of the Prior Art
To impart a polymer with antistatic properties is often achieved by adding an antistatic agent. Antistatic agents can be categorized into two groups: those with low molecular weights, for example, conventional surfactant-type antistatic agents; and those with high molecular weights. After being added into a polymer, the antistatic agent with a low molecular weight will easily migrate to the polymer surface and thus deteriorate the properties of the polymer. In some cases, the antistatic property will be lost by washing or wiping. On the other hand, owing to their polymeric structure, antistatic agents with high molecular weights are compatible with other polymers, and thus, the second group of antistatic agent has long lasting antistatic properties.
Conventional antistatic agents with high molecular weights suitable for polyesters or polyamides are normally categorized into two groups. One group is formed by using a sulfonate or a polyethylene oxide (PEO) with a high molecular weight coated on the surface of the polymer or added inside the polymer. For example, in Japanese Patent No. 5,262,460, a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is blended with a PEO of 5000 g/mole to 16000 g/mole to obtain an antistatic resin. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,010,193, a PET is blended with an ethylene oxide copolymer of 2000 g/mole to 50000 g/mole to improve the antistatic property and compatibility. In U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,194,327 and 5,182,169, a sulfonate with a high molecular weight is coated on the surface of a polyester to correct the disadvantages in the antistatic agent with a low molecular weight, such as opacity and surface cake. Thus, the antistatic property is enhanced.
In the other group, the polyester is modified with a PEO or a sulfonate to improve the hydrophility and to obtain the antistatic polyester. For example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,130,073, 5,064,703, 4,713,194, and 4,506,070, a polyester is condensed with a PEO to, obtain a hydrophilic polyester. However, due to the incomplete reaction between EO and diacid, an antistatic agent with a high molecular weight is not easy to form.
In U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,943,510, 5,051,475, and 4,468,433, a polyester is reacted with a dicarboxy phenyl sulfonate to obtain a hydrophilic polyester. However, the physical and antistatic properties of the polymers are poor.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,872,910, a conductive composition includes at least one metal crosslinking latex binder and a metal salt/polyethylene oxide complex. However, the compatibility of the polyethylene oxide with the latex binder is poor, and the conductive composition has poor antistatic properties.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,882,800, an antistatic composition includes a polyester/polyalkylene oxide copolymer and a lithium salt. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,122,303, an ion-conducting composition includes a polyester/polyether copolymer and a lithium salt. However, there is still a need to decrease the surface resistivity of an antistatic composition.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a polyamide composition with long lasting antistatic properties and a lower surface resistivity.
To achieve the above-mentioned object, the polyamide composition of the present invention comprises:
a polyamide containing an alkylene oxide group; and
a metal salt.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The polyamide composition of the present invention include: a polyamide containing an alkylene oxide group; and a metal salt. The polyamide can be a polyetheramide (hereinafter referred to A1) or a polyetheresteramide (hereinafter referred to A2). The polyamide used in the present invention includes an alkylene oxide group, preferably an ethylene oxide group, more preferably a polyethylene oxide group (PEO group).
When the polyamide is a polyetheramide (A1), the polyetheramide (A1) can have a repeating unit represented by the following formula
wherein
R
1
is hydrogen, methyl, or a hydrocarbon group having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
the value of a+b is between 0 and 45;
R
a
is phenylene or a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and
R
b
is
or a hydrocarbon group having from 2 to 50 carbon atoms, wherein c is between 1 and 45, and R
3
is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and
n is equal to or greater than 0.
In the above-mentioned polyetheramide (A1), when R
a
is phenylene, preferably R
1
is methyl and R
b
has the formula
wherein c is between 1 and 45, and R
3
is hydrogen.
In the above-mentioned polyetheramide (A1), when R
a
is butylene, preferably R
1
is methyl and R
b
has the formula
wherein c is between 1 and 45, and R
3
is hydrogen.
In the above-mentioned polyetheramide (A1), when R
a
is octamethylene, preferably R
1
is methyl and R
b
has the formula
wherein c is between 1 and 45, and R
3
is hydrogen.
The polyetheramide (A1) of the present invention can be obtained by reacting a diacid or its derivative with a diamine under nitrogen at a temperature of 180° C. to 250° C., preferably 200° C. to 230° C., for about 2 to 3 hours.
When the polyamide is a polyetheramide (A1), the polyamide composition of the present invention can be obtained by mixing the polyetheramide (A1) with the metal salt, or alternatively can be obtained by reacting the diacid or its derivative with the diamine in the presence of the metal salt. That is to say, the metal salt can be added after or before the polyetheramide (A1) is formed.
The diacid or its derivative suitable for use for preparing the polyetheramide (A1) in the present invention can have the formula
A—R
a
—A
wherein R
a
is phenylene or a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and A is a carboxyl or an ester group. Representative examples include terephthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalate, isophthalic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, dodecane dicarboxylic acid, azelaic acid and naphthalic acid.
The diamine suitable for use for preparing the polyetheramide (A1) in the present invention should contain an alkylene oxide group. That is, the suitable diamine should contain at least one alkylene oxide group-containing diamine. For example, the suitable diamine can be a compound of formula (I), a mixture of formulae (I) and (II), a mixture of formulae (I) and (III), or a mixture of formulae (I), (II), and (III), represented by the following formulae:
wherein R
1
is hydrogen, methyl, or a hydrocarbon group having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms; the value of a+b is between 0 to 45; c is between 1 and 45; R
3
is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and. R
2
is a hydrocarbon group having from 2 to 50 carbon atoms. Formulae (I) and (II) are alkylene oxide group-containing diamines.
The alkylene oxide group-containing diamine can be a commercially available one. Representative examples of formula (I) are
ED2003 having the formula
ED2001 having the formula
and D230 having the formula
and one representative example of formula (II) is EDR148 having the formula
H
2
NCH
2
CH
2
O—CH
2
CH
2
O—CH
2
CH
2
—NH
2
 all of which can be purchased from Huntsman Company.
When the polyamide used in the present invention is a polyetheresteramide (A2), the polyetheresteramide (A2) can have a repeating unit represented by the formula
wherein
R
11
is a chain with an alkylene oxide group having the structure —(R
0
—O)
p
—, in which R
0
is a hydrocarbon group with 2 or 3 carbon atoms and p is about 10 to 45;
R
14
is a hydrocarbon group with 2 to 12 carbon atoms;
R
15
is a hydrocarbon group with 4 to 12 carbon atoms;
m and n are about 1 or larger; and
the polyetheresteramide has a molecular weight of about 3000 g/mole to 45,000 g/mole.
In the above-

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