Electricity: magnetically operated switches – magnets – and electr – Electromagnetically actuated switches – Polarity-responsive
Patent
1982-12-29
1985-04-02
Broome, Harold
Electricity: magnetically operated switches, magnets, and electr
Electromagnetically actuated switches
Polarity-responsive
335 78, 335132, H01H 5122
Patent
active
045090262
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to so-called polarized relays wherein a permanent magnet is placed in a magnetic circuit composed of an armature and yoke, the armature being moved by superposing the magnetomotive force of a coil on the magnetic flux of said permanent magnet and, particularly, to a polarized relay of the type adapted to move the armature horizontally back and forth.
BACKGROUND ART
Ordinary polarized relays have such structure that the center of the armature is pivotally supported so that the armature swings into contact with two contact pole surfaces of the yoke at diagonal positions.
Polarized relays of such structure have a problem that, unless three points at diagonally pole contacting surfaces and central pivot of the armature are maintained in dimensionally accurate relationship, there arises a phenomenon that only one of the pole contacting surfaces will achieve the contact and this will cause a beat to occur.
Thus, it has already been proposed to solve this problem by employing a structure in which the armature is moved horizontally back and forth.
For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 41005/1980 (hereinafter referred to as the first prior art) has been proposed.
Referring to this with reference to FIG. 12, an E-shaped yoke 101 is formed with an upper piece 102, middle piece 103 and lower piece 104, a coil 105 is installed on the middle piece 103, and a permanent magnet 106 serving as an armature common to the upper, middle and lower pieces 102, 103 and 104 is opposed thereto, in which the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 106 is in the direction indicated by X and that of the coil 105 is in the direction indicated by Y.
Therefore, the magnetic flux directions X and Y in gaps between the respective pieces 102, 103, 104 and the permanent magnet 106 are opposite to each other, that is, a repellent takes place and the permanent magnet 106 serving as the armature is moved horizontally in the direction of arrow Z.
When a coil current is subsequently made to flow so that the magnetic flux of the coil 105 will be in the opposite direction, this magnetic flux will be in the same direction as that X of the permanent magnet 106 and superposed on the latter, whereby the permanent magnet 106 being the armature is attracted.
In this polarized relay according to the first prior art, the magnetic flux induced by the coil 105 is made to pass through the permanent magnet 106, and there arises such problem that, since the permanent magnet 106 has a magnetic reluctance of about 10,000 times as high as that of ordinary yokes (iron) and involves a high percentage of loss in the magnetic flux induced by the coil 105, it is difficult to improve the sensitivity of the device.
To solve the problem described above, a polarized relay having such a structure as shown in French Pat. No. 2358006 (hereinafter referred to as the second prior art) has been further suggested.
This suggestion utilizes an advantage in the high sensitivity brought about by an arrangement in which the magnetic flux induced by the coil does not pass through the permanent magnet.
Referring thereto with reference to FIG. 13, two vertical magnetic pieces 202 and 203 and core 210a constitute a U-shaped yoke 201, while a permanent magnet 207, first magnetic piece 205 contacted with one pole of the permanent magnet and second magnetic piece 206 contacted with the other pole of the permanent magnet constitute an armature block 204, and the first magnetic piece 205 is formed in a U-shape having both end vertical pieces 208 and 209 opposed to the outer side surfaces of the vertical pieces 202 and 203 of the U-shaped yoke 201. The second magnetic piece 206 is opposed to the inner side surfaces of the vertical pieces 202 and 203 of the U-shaped yoke 201, and the permanent magnet 207 is held between the first and second magnetic pieces 205 and 206. A coil 210 is installed on the U-shaped yoke 201.
In this case of the second prior art, the magnetic flux X of the permanent magnet 207 flows through two magnetic paths from on
REFERENCES:
patent: 2991799 (1961-07-01), Littlefield
patent: 3022400 (1962-02-01), Ahlefeldt
patent: 3087031 (1963-04-01), Spinelli et al.
patent: 3178534 (1965-04-01), Bundy et al.
patent: 3634735 (1972-01-01), Komatsu
patent: 4191937 (1980-03-01), Koehler et al.
Andrews George
Broome Harold
Matsushita Electric & Works Ltd.
SDS Elektro GmbH
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