Textiles: spinning – twisting – and twining – Apparatus and processes – Splicing
Patent
1997-06-17
1998-09-22
Stryjewski, William
Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
Apparatus and processes
Splicing
57 23, D01H 1700
Patent
active
058097619
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to pneumatic yarn splicing. This process has numerous advantages over traditional methods of joining textile yarns such as knotting, principally because spliced yarns offer improved appearance and processing efficiency. Splicing is firmly established in the textile industry, and in many applications its use is mandatory in order to achieve acceptable standards of yarn quality.
In one form of splice, the yarns to be joined are introduced from opposite ends of the splicer. They are laid in a splicing chamber, and the chamber is sealed by a moveable component known as a chamber pad. The waste ends of the two yarns are cut by knives at either end of the chamber. Air is introduced into the chamber as a high pressure blast, which intermingles the fibres of the yarns. When the blast is turned off, the pad is opened to allow the spliced yarn to be removed. The splice is symmetrical in form, and usually has a neat appearance. This form of splice is described as "ends-opposed". In an alternative form of splice, both yarns are introduced from the same end of the splicer. The waste ends of the two yarns are cut at the other end of the chamber. The splice is asymmetrical in form, and usually has a "tail" several millimetres long projecting to one side. This form of splice is described as "ends-together".
The ends-together splice has a relatively poor appearance, but it is popular because it is quick to make, and in many situations its inferior appearance is unimportant. Further, some yarns pose technical problems which render ends-together splices the only joints that can be made.
When the blast enters the chamber in a splicing process, the yarn components are subjected to a turbulent air-stream, moving at high velocity; the dynamics of the system are very complex. If splicing is to be successfully accomplished, the system must remain relatively stable while certain processes take place.
With both ends-opposed and ends-together splices, two separate physical processes must occur in quick succession:
If either process is deficient, the splice will fail.
If the mixing process is unsuccessful, then the intermingling stage is irrelevant; it succeeds only in consolidating each component, but does not join them together. In practice, the two yarn components are quickly blown out of the splicing chamber without a splice being formed. If the mixing process is successful, but the intermingling is poor, then the splice is unsatisfactory. When the splice is withdrawn from the chamber, it may appear acceptable, but it will have little or no strength.
Splicing chambers are designed to maximise the efficiency of the two processes of mixing and intermingling. In some respects, however, the performance of splicers is unsatisfactory. In some circumstances, the dynamics of the system within the splicing chamber can become unstable, with the result than the yarns are quickly ejected without a splice being formed.
This invention is concerned only with ends-together splicing. In the formation of an ends-together splice the two yarns are introduced to the splicing chamber together, from one side and are secured, usually by yarn clamps. The air blast normally enters the splicing chamber before the yarn bundle is cut, and exhausts roughly equally to left and right of the chamber. With the yarn bundle secured by yarn clamps, the system is in dynamic equilibrium.
Once the yarn bundle is cut, the system becomes inherently unstable. The yarn bundle remains secured by a clamp on the entry side of the chamber, but is no longer restrained at the cutting side. If any asymmetries are introduced into the system, the yarn bundle will usually move away from the side which is unrestrained. It will therefore have a tendency to blow out of the chamber on the entry side. If the fibres of the yarns mix and intermingle quickly, then a splice will form by the time the bundle is ejected. If little or no mixing and intermingling takes place, then the two yarns will be ejected as separate entities, wi
REFERENCES:
patent: 3379002 (1968-04-01), Rosenstein
patent: 4419858 (1983-12-01), Rohner et al.
patent: 4424663 (1984-01-01), Rohner et al.
patent: 4452035 (1984-06-01), Rohner et al.
patent: 5152131 (1992-10-01), Locatelli
Pentwyn Splicers Limited
Stryjewski William
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