Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-07-01
2001-04-10
Cain, Edward J. (Department: 1714)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
C524S518000, C152S450000, C152S565000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06214919
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Polymeric resins have been used in treads of tires to improve traction. Unfortunately, one consequence of their use is a decrease in durability and treadwear.
Polymeric resinous materials containing units derived from piperylene, units derived from 2-methyl-2-butene and units derived from dicyclopentadiene are commercially available from The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company under the designation WINGTACK® 115. These polymeric resinous materials find use in adhesives.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire having a tread containing a rubber and from 1 to 50 phr of a polymeric resinous material.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
There is disclosed a pneumatic tire having a tread comprised of (a) a diene-based elastomer containing olefinic unsaturation and (b) 1 to 50 phr of a polymeric resinous material comprising from 4 to about 60 weight percent units derived from piperylene, from about 10 to about 35 weight percent units derived from methyl-2-butene and from 18 to 50 weight percent units derived from dicyclopentadiene.
The resinous material for use in the present invention comprises from about 4 to about 60 weight percent units derived from piperylene, from about 10 to about 35 weight percent units derived from 2-methyl-2-butene and from about 18 to about 50 weight percent units derived from dicyclopentadiene. Preferably, the resin comprises from about 30 to about 55 weight percent piperylene, from about 15 to about 25 weight percent 2-methyl-2-butene and from about 20 to about 45 weight percent dicyclopentadiene.
The polymeric resin for use in the tread of a tire is dispersed in a diene-based elastomer in an amount ranging from about 1 to 50 phr. Preferably, the polymeric resin is present in an amount ranging from 20 to 40 phr.
The resins may be prepared using various anhydrous metallic halide catalysts. Representative examples of such catalysts are fluorides, chlorides and bromides, of aluminum, tin and boron. Such catalysts include, for example, aluminum chloride, stannic chloride and boron trifluoride. Alkyl aluminum dihalides are also suitable, representative examples of which are methyl aluminum dichloride, ethyl aluminum dichloride and isopropyl aluminum dichloride.
In carrying out the polymerization reaction, the hydrocarbon mixture is brought into contact with the anhydrous halide catalyst Generally, the catalyst is used in particulate form having a particle size in the range of from about 5 to about 200 mesh size, although larger or smaller particles can be used. The amount of catalyst used is not critical although sufficient catalyst must be used to cause a polymerization reaction to occur. The catalyst may be added to the olefinic hydrocarbon mixture or the hydrocarbon mixture may be added to the catalyst. If desired, the catalyst and mixture of hydrocarbons can be added simultaneously or intermittently to a reactor. The reaction can be conducted continuously or by batch process techniques generally known to those skilled in the art.
The reaction is conveniently carried out in the presence of a diluent because it is usually exothermic. Various diluents which are inert in that they do not enter into the polymerization reaction may be used. Representative examples of inert diluents are aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane and heptane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and benzene, and unreacted residual hydrocarbons from the reaction.
A wide range of temperatures can be used for the polymerization reaction. The polymerization can be carried out at temperatures in the range of from about −20° C. to about 100° C., although usually the reaction is carried out at a temperature in the range of from about 0° C. to about 50° C. The polymerization reaction pressure is not critical and may be atmospheric or above or below atmospheric pressure. Generally, a satisfactory polymerization can be conducted when the reaction is carried out at about autogenous pressure developed by the reactor under the operating conditions used. The time of the reaction is not generally critical and reaction times can vary from a few seconds to 12 hours or more.
Upon completion of the reaction the hydrocarbon mixture is neutralized followed by isolation of the resin solution. The resin solution Is distilled with the resulting matter resin being allowed to cool.
The resins can optionally be modified by the addition of up to about 25 weight percent of piperylene dimers or piperylene trimers or other unsaturated hydrocarbons particularly hydrocarbons containing from 4 to 6 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof to the piperylene/2-methyl-2-butene/dicyclopentadiene mixture. Representative examples of such hydrocarbons are butene and substituted butenes such as 2-methyl-1-butene, 2,3-di-methyl-1-butene, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene, 3,3dimethyl-1-butene; the pentenes and substituted pentenes such as 1-pentene, 2-pentene, 2-methyl-1-pentene, 2-methyl-2-pentene, 3-methyl-2-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 4-methyl-2-pentene; the hexenes such as 2-hexene; diolefins such as 1,3-butadiene and isoprene; and cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons such as cyclopentene, cyclohexene and 1,3-cyclopentadiene.
The resinous materials of this invention are characterized by having a Gardner color of from about 2 to about 10, a softening point of from about 100° C. to about 160° C., according to ASTM Method E28, good heat stability and a specific gravity of from about 0.85 to about 1.0. They typically have a softening point of 100° C. to 140° C. after steam-stripping to remove lower molecular weight compounds; although, when prepared in the presence of a chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent, their softening point is increased to from about 100° C. to about 160° C. These resins are generally soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene.
The tread of the tire of the present invention contains an elastomer containing olefinic unsaturation. The phrase “rubber or elastomer containing olefinic unsaturation” is intended to include both natural rubber and its various raw and reclaim forms as well as various synthetic rubbers. In the description of this invention, the terms “rubber” and “elastomer” may be used interchangeably, unless otherwise prescribed. The terms “rubber composition,” “compounded rubber” and “rubber compound” are used interchangeably to refer to rubber which has been blended or mixed with various ingredients and materials and such terms are well known to those having skill in the rubber mixing or rubber compounding art. Representative synthetic polymers are the homopolymerization products of butadiene and its homologues and derivatives, for example, methylbutadiene, dimethylbutadiene and pentadiene as well as copolymers such as those formed from butadiene or its homologues or derivatives with other unsaturated monomers. Among the latter are acetylenes, for example, vinyl acetylene; olefins, for example, isobutylene, which copolymerizes with isoprene to form butyl rubber; vinyl compounds, for example, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile (which polymerize with butadiene to form NBR), methacrylic acid and styrene, the latter compound polymerizing with butadiene to form SBR, as well as vinyl esters and various unsaturated aldehydes, ketones and ethers, e.g., acrolein, methyl isopropenyl ketone and vinylethyl ether. Specific examples of synthetic rubbers include neoprene (polychloroprene), polybutadiene (including cis-1,4-polybutadiene), polyisoprene (including cis-1,4-polyisoprene), butyl rubber, styrene/isoprene/butadiene rubber, copolymers of 1,3-butadiene or isoprene with monomers such as styrene, acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate, as well as ethylene/propylene terpolymers, also known as ethylene/propylene/diene monomer (EPDM) and, in particular, ethylene/propylene/dicyclopentadiene terpolymers. The preferred rubber or elastomers are polybutadiene and SBR.
In one aspect, the rubber is preferably of at least two of diene-based rubbers. For example, a combination of two or more rubber
Bergomi Angelo
Blok Edward John
Kralevich, Jr. Mark Leslie
Sandstrom Paul Harry
Schlademan James Anderson
Cain Edward J.
Hendricks Bruce J
Katarzyna Wyrozebski
The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company
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