Stoves and furnaces – Liquid heater – Fluid fuel burner for other than top-accessible vessel
Patent
1991-10-03
1993-12-21
Favors, Edward G.
Stoves and furnaces
Liquid heater
Fluid fuel burner for other than top-accessible vessel
122 312, F24H 120
Patent
active
052713784
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF APPLICATION
The invention relates to a heating boiler for liquid fuels, gaseous fuels and/or pulverulent fuels, in which the heating takes place via one or more built-in burners by direct contact of the exhaust combustion gases with a heat conveyor fluid in a container and the heat of condensation of the fuel is utilised.
Such a heating boiler is utilised in particular in domestic heaters of low or medium output, preferably with domestic water heating. However, its use can also be envisaged in industrial applications.
CHARACTERISTIC OF THE KNOWN STATE OF THE ART
Heating boilers for heating purposes normally heat a gaseous or liquid heat conveyor by burning liquid, solid or gaseous fuels in a combustion chamber consisting of highly heat resistant materials such as steel, cast or stone walls which can withstand the high combustion temperatures. The heat is transferred by contact of the heat conveyor with the walls of the combustion chamber, which are contacted by the exhaust combustion gases. The exhaust combustion gases at relatively high temperatures and containing harmful substances are then diverted via a substantially heat insulated flue pipe.
Increased efforts to achieve better operating efficiency and lower concentrations of harmful substances, have resulted in diverging solutions. Thus, heating devices are known in which the flue gases are passed through a heat conveyor fluid, thereby utilising the heat of condensation. Furthermore, solutions are known in which harmful substances are neutralised from condensation products, such products, such as disclosed for example in the DE-OS 34 06 028, or the concentration of harmful substances in the combustion gases is reduced.
The drawback with the commonly used heating boilers is the costly manufacture, the low degree of efficiency and the high concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gases.
Since the very high temperatures are produced in the combustion chamber, costly and difficult to process materials are used in order to maintain the required temperature stability. Steel and cast iron materials, which are normally used, have to be made into combustion chambers and boiler housings by work processes which are costly in energy and time, resulting in high production costs.
Because the heat transfer takes place in the walls of the combustion chamber through convection of the combustion gases, the inadequate heat transfer results in a high exhaust gas temperature and is therefore inefficient. However, the high exhaust gas temperature has hitherto been deliberately maintained so as to prevent the exhaust gases from falling below the dew point and thus to prevent destruction of the heating boiler and the sooting up of the conventional flue gas pipes, or expensive materials were used which were unaffected by the condensation products.
The exhaust combustion gases reach the atmosphere without cleaning and then discharge into it especially sulphur oxide, carbon monixide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and soot.
The latest heating boilers even use the heat of condensation in order to increase efficiency, in which additional heat exchangers cool the exhaust gases below the dew point or in which the exhaust gases are brought into direct contact with the heat conveyor liquid. Neutralising the resulting condensation products, such as described for example in the DE-OS 34 06 028, is very cumbersome and thus leads to very high manufacturing costs or is not envisaged at all. However, since a large quantity of harmful, acid-containing condensate is produced by the condensation of the combustion gases, for environmental reasons the operation of such a heating boiler without neutralising or cleaning the condensate is not possible.
From the FR-A-2 547 648 is known a heating boiler with condensation installed after the boiler. The exhaust combustion gases are passed through a water curtain formed between an upper and a lower container. The water curtain is part of a water circulation force fed by a pump via the two containers. The combustion chamber is si
REFERENCES:
patent: 4685444 (1987-08-01), Durrenberger
patent: 4768495 (1988-09-01), Zifferer
patent: 4974551 (1990-12-01), Nelson
Favors Edward G.
Herwi-Solar-GmbH Forschung und Entwicklung
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