Multicellular living organisms and unmodified parts thereof and – Method of introducing a polynucleotide molecule into or... – The polynucleotide alters fat – fatty oil – ester-type wax – or...
Patent
1994-01-18
1998-06-16
Chereskin, Che S.
Multicellular living organisms and unmodified parts thereof and
Method of introducing a polynucleotide molecule into or...
The polynucleotide alters fat, fatty oil, ester-type wax, or...
800255, 800DIG15, 800DIG16, 800DIG17, 4353201, 4351723, 4352404, 435 701, 536 241, A01H 400, C12N 1582, C12N 514
Patent
active
057673632
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to transforming plant cells for modifying the seed-specific production of fatty acids resulting in a changed fatty acid composition of seed oils. In particular the invention provides a new promoter isolated from a seed-specific acyl carrier protein (ACP) gene present in Brassica napus (oil seed rape).
During the last decade methods have been developed for transforming plants by introducing genes into plants which on expression give new or improved properties to the resulting transformed plants. One of these methods is the use of the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens for introducing the desired gene into the chromosome of the plant to be transformed. Many articles have been published on this technique. For a general introduction reference is made to Chapter 13 (Genetic Engineering of Plants by Using Crown Gall Plasmids) on pages 164-175 of the book `Recombinant DNA, A Short Course` by James D. Watson, John Tooze and David T. Kurtz, published by Scientific American Books in 1983 and distributed by W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, U.S.A.
According to European patent specification EP-A2-0255378 (CALGENE, INC.), published on 3 Feb. 1988 with claimed priority date of 31 Jul. 1986, a so-called transcriptional initiation region of the napin gene is identified and isolated from plant cells, and used to prepare expression cassettes which may then be inserted into plant cells for seed specific transcription. It is stated in that patent specification that the method may be applied in conjunction with modifying fatty acid production in seed tissue.
From that EP-A-0255378 the following passages are quoted:
"Transcriptional initiation regions of particular interest are those associated with the Brassica napus or campestris napin genes, acyl carrier proteins, genes that express from about day 7 to day 40 in seed, particularly having maximum expression from about day 10 to about day 20, where the expressed gene is not found in leaves, while the expressed product is found in seed in high abundance."
"The constructs may be used . . . to modify the fatty acid composition in seeds, that is changing the ratio and/or amounts of the various fatty acids, as to length, unsaturation, or the like . . . . These results can be achieved by providing for reduction of expression of one or more endogenous products, particularly enzymes or cofactors, by producing a transcription product which is complementary to the transcription product of a native gene, so as to inhibit the maturation and/or expression of the transcription product, or providing for expression of a gene, either endogenous or exogenous, associated with fatty acid synthesis. Expression products associated with fatty acid synthesis include acyl carrier ketoacyl-synthases, malonyl transacylase, stearoyl-ACP desaturase, and other desaturase enzymes."
"Expression cassettes of particular interest include transcriptional regions from napin genes, particularly Brassica napin genes, more particularly Brassica napus or Brassica campestris genes, regulating structural genes associated with lipid production, particularly fatty acid production, including acyl carrier proteins, which may be endogenous or exogenous to the particular plant, such as spinach acyl carrier protein, Brassica acyl carrier protein, acyl carrier protein, either napus or campestris, Cuphea acyl carrier protein, acetyl transacylase, malonyl transacylase, .beta.-ketoacyl synthases I and II, thioesterase, particularly thio esterase II, from plant, mammalian, or bacterial sources, for example rat thioesterase II, acyl ACP, or phospholipid acyl desaturases."
It should be noted that the time periods indicated in the passage quoted from page 3, lines 6-9, sometimes mentioned as Days After Flowering (DAF) is not always a precise unit, because for the same plants it can differ depending on the location and conditions of growth. Thus, DAF should not be used as an absolute but as a comparative parameter. Therefore, when comparing results of this nature from experiments
REFERENCES:
WO 91/13980 (Sep. 19, 1991).
WO 91/13972 (Sep. 19, 1991).
WO 91/16421 (Oct. 31, 1991).
WO 92/03564 (Mar. 5, 1992).
De Silva, et al: "The isolation and sequence anyalysis of two seed-expressed acyl carrier protein genes from Brassica napus", Plant Molecular Biology: 14: 537-538, 1990.
de Silva, et al J.Exp.Bot. 41 (1990) Supp., p. 5-1.
Knauf: "The application of genetic engineering to oilseed crops", TIBTECH--Feb. 1987, vol. 5, pp. 40-47.
Vanderkerckhove et al: "Enkephalins produced in transgenic plants using modified 25 seed storage proteins", Bio/Technology, vol. 7, Sep. 1989, pp. 929-932.
Bayley, et al: "Metabolic consequences of expression of the medium chain hydrolase gene of the rat in mouse NIH 3I3 cells", Bio/Technology, vol. 6, Oct. 1988, pp. 12191221.
Knauf, et al. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, Supplement 14E, 1990, UCLA Symposia on Molecular & Cellular Biology, Abstracts--19th Annual Meeting, Mar. 31-Apr. 22, 1990, pp. 257 & 262.
de Silva Jacqueline
Hughes Stephen Glyn
Safford Richard
Chereskin Che S.
McGowan, Jr. Gerard J.
Van den Bergh Foods Company, Division of CONOPCO, Inc.
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