Plant husbandry – Coated or impregnated seed – method or apparatus
Patent
1988-01-07
1988-10-11
Hafer, Robert A.
Plant husbandry
Coated or impregnated seed, method or apparatus
71 24, A01C 106, C05F 700
Patent
active
047761318
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
In land utilization the consumption of inorganic plant nutrients, so-called commerical fertilizers, has greatly increased in recent years. Such fertilizers contain nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and trace substances essential to the plants. Normally, these chemical elements are present in chemical compounds which are readily dissolved in water and which can therefore be rapidly leached out from the top soil layer by rain water and carried therewith into water-ways and lakes, creating serious environmental problems. Consequently, when plant nutrients are administered in the form of commerical fertilizers great losses are often experienced.
When commercial fertilizers are used annually over long periods of time, contaminants in the form of heavy metals are liable to collect in the ground, in a chemical form such as to be drawn into and be concentrated in the plants. Heavy metals can also be found in excessively high concentrations when untreated digested sewage sludge from sewage works is used as a fertilizer.
The present invention is based on the discovery that it is possible to create durable physical and chemical environment of such description that a plant nutrient can be supplied to the roots of the plants with a much greater efficiency (yield) than was previously considered possible. By practicing the present invention it is possible to significantly improve the harvest yield, i.e. to produce larger harvests per ground area and amount of nutrients supplied than has previously been possible with earlier methods.
The essential features of the invention reside in providing the soil not only with nutrients as such, but also simultaneously with the chemical, physical, and biological environment required in order for the plants, through their roots, to fully utilize the nutrients in an optimal manner, while any surplus of nutrients remain in the soil from one growing season to the next.
In accordance with the invention, the nutrient substances are incorporated and adsorbed in pellets of a compostible and composted, ground biomaterial, such as the finely-divided bark of conifers, de-watered and shredded peat, disintegrated newsprint, compostible and composted fractions of domestic waste, straw and common reed, either with or without the addition of fresh or digested sludge from communal sewage works. The surprisingly high yield which can be obtained when praticing the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG. 1 illustrates the harvest yield when administering various nitrogen additions, on one hand as commercial fertilizer, KAS, and on the other hand as plant nutient pellets, P1, according to the present invention. It will be seen from FIG. 2 that even when the nutrient substance according to the invention is administered in the Autumn, about six months before the seed is to be sown, the yield per hectare and amount of nitrogen supplied is greater than when nitrogen is administered in the Spring under otherwise similar conditions.
This shows that the present pellets create a depot effect in the soil with regard to distribution of plant nutrients, the addition of microbiological activities, and other factors, which are essential for a good harvest result. At the same time as the nutrient effect greatly increases in accordance with the illustrated diagram, any heavy metals present are bound to the bark in the form of insoluble so-called chelate compounds, which prevents the plants from taking up heavy metals, or reduces the extent to which such metals are taken up.
EXAMPLE
Bark having a dry substance contents of 250 kg was shredded to a particle size of at most 5 mm and was mixed thoroughly with de-watered peat having a dry substance contents of 250 kg and containing other disintegrated biomass. The mixing continued until a homogenous mass having an optimal water content with regard to composting was obtained. This mass was composted in a vertical reactor vessel, while continuously aerating the mass and turning it over. During the composting process the mass is heated to 70.degree. C. fo
REFERENCES:
patent: 1988307 (1935-01-01), Fay
patent: 2092100 (1937-09-01), Waynick
patent: 2163860 (1939-06-01), White
patent: 2877599 (1959-03-01), Hebestreet et al.
patent: 2881066 (1959-04-01), Sproull et al.
patent: 3178267 (1965-04-01), Larson
patent: 3218149 (1965-11-01), Sproull et al.
patent: 3269824 (1966-08-01), Aswell
patent: 3616573 (1971-11-01), Clifford
patent: 3836299 (1974-09-01), Houston et al.
patent: 4067716 (1978-01-01), Sterrett
patent: 4145206 (1979-03-01), Ford
patent: 4241537 (1980-12-01), Wood
patent: 4369054 (1983-01-01), Shinholster
patent: 4571254 (1986-02-01), Wahlberg
patent: 4589226 (1986-05-01), Stensaas
Haeffner Erik
Thrap-Olsen Olav
DeMille Danton D.
Hafer Robert A.
LandOfFree
Plant nutrient product does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Plant nutrient product, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Plant nutrient product will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1950350