Refrigeration – Refrigeration producer – Sorbent type
Patent
1993-05-24
1994-08-09
Bennett, Henry A.
Refrigeration
Refrigeration producer
Sorbent type
62482, F25B 1708, F25B 3504
Patent
active
053355199
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Technical Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a plant for producing cold, using a solid and a gas (or fluid).
2. Description of the Prior Art
The known plant uses, for example, a reaction between a salt such as MnCl.sub.2 and a gas such as ammonia (NH.sub.3), as described, for example, in French Patent 2,615,601.
This plant comprises one or a number of reactors containing the solid, which are connected to an evaporator and a condenser by tubing in which the gas circulates.
The advantage of a plant of this type lies in the fact that the source of heat needed for its operation can be provided by heat energy, in contrast to conventional compressor refrigeration plants.
Plants with a solid/gas reaction of the above-mentioned type comprise finned reactors interacting with fans for cooling them.
This method of cooling presents especially the following disadvantages: the stage of heating the reactor, used in combination with a fan, arranged anywhere, because of the presence of the fans.
The invention can also be applied to plants for the production of cold using adsorption between a solid such as a zeolite and a fluid such as water.
The objective of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the above known refrigeration plants.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention thus relates to a plant for producing cold, using a solid and a gas, comprising at least one vessel containing the solid and connected to an evaporator and a condenser by tubing in which the gas circulates, means being provided for ensuring the cooling of the vessel.
According to the invention the said means comprise an exchanger capable of heat exchange with the solid contained in the vessel, this exchanger being filled with a refrigerant fluid and being connected by tubing to a condenser which is cooled.
According to a preferred version the equipment is characterized in that the said means comprise an enclosure surrounding the wall of the reactor and defining with the latter a vessel filled with a refrigeration fluid and connected by tubing to a condenser which is capable of heat exchange with a fan or a water cooling circuit.
The cooling of the reactor is thus ensured by the refrigerant fluid which circulates in the vessel surrounding the reactor or in an internal exchanger, this fluid itself being cooled in the condenser.
The plant according to the invention thus introduces the following advantages:
The thermal inertia of the reactor is much lower than in finned reactors cooled by a fan.
During the stage of heating of the reactor the heat losses are decreased.
A single condenser exchanger can cool a number of reactors, and this makes it possible to reduce the bulk of the plant.
In addition, the removal of heat can be located anywhere, and this makes it easier to fit the plant in, for example in a road vehicle.
The enclosure defining a vessel around the reactor ensures a heat insulation which, in addition to reducing heat losses, prevents, in the case of a very low external temperature, the salt contained in the reactor from being at an insufficient temperature in relation to the thermal equilibrium.
Furthermore, the elimination of the fans associated with each reactor reduces the energy costs and the operating noise.
According to an advantageous version of the invention the said condenser is connected to the vessel by a first tubing communicating with the lower part of the vessel and fitted with a valve, a second tubing being connected to the upper part of the vessel.
In a first embodiment of the invention the said condenser connected to the vessel is separate from the condenser which is connected to the reactor and to the evaporator.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the said refrigerant fluid is the same as than employed for making use of the solid/gas reaction in the reactor.
This fluid may be ammonia when a reaction between a salt such as MnCl.sub.2 and NH.sub.3 is involved.
In this embodiment the plant comprises only a single condenser, the reactor cooling vessel
REFERENCES:
patent: 1954056 (1934-04-01), Miller
patent: 2236575 (1939-09-01), Kogel
patent: 2269099 (1942-01-01), Grubb
patent: 2276947 (1942-03-01), Erland Af Kleen
patent: 2287172 (1942-06-01), Harrison et al.
patent: 2293556 (1942-08-01), Newton
patent: 2340887 (1944-02-01), Erland Af Kleen
patent: 2370643 (1945-03-01), Erland Af Kleen
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patent: 2461262 (1949-02-01), Erland Af Kleen
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patent: 4548046 (1985-10-01), Brandon et al.
patent: 4581049 (1986-04-01), Januschkowetz
patent: 4694659 (1987-09-01), Shelton
patent: 4976117 (1990-12-01), Crozat et al.
Bennett Henry A.
Doerrler William C.
Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine
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