Communications: radio wave antennas – Antennas – Microstrip
Patent
1996-05-31
1998-07-07
Wimer, Michael C.
Communications: radio wave antennas
Antennas
Microstrip
343863, H01Q 138
Patent
active
057775842
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a planar antenna.
BACKGROUND
The presently known antenna systems for the reception of satellite signals, especially TV, Astra and DSR signals, within the DBS band (direct broadcasting satellite) of 11.70 GHz to 12.50 GHz for electronic communication means, are based upon the electromagnetic excitation of dipole groups, which are respectively supplied with power in specific phases with respect to each other and thereby generate linearly or circularly polarized radiation fields. Such planar antennas are implemented mostly in triplate technology or microstrip technology. Downstream of the planar antenna, there is connected an electronic device, particularly a converter, which processes the signals, according to the particular application.
Coupling of the planar antenna and the electronic parts is in most cases by means of a hollow waveguide with capacitive coupling-in of the radiation summation signal.
In this type of planar antenna with electronics connected downstream, the required dimensions of the individual subassemblies are disproportionately large, in order to obtain a sufficiently large reception and transmission power, with the result that the antenna becomes unnecessarily heavy in weight and unwieldy, thus making such radio systems unsuitable for hand-held applications. Further, manufacturing requirements, with respect to dimensions of the individual parts for the hollow waveguide used, are very great, and the coupling of signals between the planar antenna, the hollow waveguide and the electronics is problematical, with the result that, in case of even small manufacturing-tolerance deviations, the signals, from one component to the next, become insufficiently coupled. Further, noise matching or compensation using such a hollow waveguide conductor is not possible.
JP-A-62-048103, assigned MATSUSHITA, discloses a securing element for a microstrip-conductor-antenna, by means of which the antenna is connectable to a coaxial conductor. It is based on a microstrip conductor antenna, which comprises a dielectric material, onto whose first surface, the microstrip conductor is secured and onto whose other surface, the grounding conductor is secured. The grounding conductor has, compared to the dielectric material, a significantly greater thickness. The generically defined microstrip conductor antenna of JP-A-62-048103 has a securing element which is fastened onto the grounding conductor by means of screws. In the securing element is a central pin, which is held in position by means of a cylindrical dielectric body. The central pin has a region of smaller diameter and a region of larger diameter, the region of smaller diameter penetrating the dielectric material and the microstrip conductor and being connected to the latter by solder. Such a construction of the central pin has advantages and disadvantages. advantages are that the soldering, first, of the free end of the part with the microstrip conductor and, secondly, through the thicker region of the central pin, makes easier the connection to the external circuit (not shown). As set forth in the JP-A-62-048103 discussion of prior art, the structure of small and large diameters in the central pin leads to problems, since the jump in external diameter of the central pin, adjacent the interface region between grounding conductor and the dielectric body, leads to a mismatch of impedance of the microstrip conductor antenna. A mismatch of impedance has the consequence that reflection- and radiation-losses occur. The avoidance of such reflection- and radiation-losses is the object of JP-A-62-048103. For solution of the above-described problem, JP-A-62-048103 proposes to lengthen the region of the central pin in the direction of the grounding conductor, and, in the region of the grounding conductor, to surround the pin with a bushing consisting of a dielectric material, thereby creating an additional characteristic impedance and permitting a matching of impedance among the regions of differing diameters on the ce
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patent: 5087920 (1992-02-01), Tsurumaru et al.
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TV Antennas!, in Funkshau, pp. 54-58 (Nov. '88).
Ito, et al., "Planar Antennas For Satellite Reception", in IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 457-464 (Dec. '88).
Oliver Milton
Pates Technology GmbH
Wimer Michael C.
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