Pumps – Convertible to apparatus of a different class – Motor and pump
Patent
1979-06-12
1982-09-14
Gluck, Richard E.
Pumps
Convertible to apparatus of a different class
Motor and pump
417902, F04B 4104
Patent
active
043493203
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a compressor construction obtained by converting a reciprocating thermal engine, notably for a refrigerating fluid compressor of the open, semi-sealed or sealed type. Such conversion is well known in the art and may be made in several ways such as those presented, for instance, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,800,631 and 1,804,873.
This invention is applicable to most reciprocating engines, whether of the oil or petrol cycle type, water-cooled or air-cooled, with or without liners, provided that they originally include a detachable cylinder head.
It is known that as far as low-power, single- or multi-cylindered piston compressors are concerned, whatever may be the type thereof (open, semi-sealed or sealed), production rates are extremely high, for these apparatus correspond to wide-spread applications in household appliances such as refrigerators, small-scale air-conditioning, automobile air-conditioning, etc. In contrast thereto, when considering the power ratings corresponding to so-called industrial refrigation or central-station air-conditioning, for example, the production rates seldom exceed a few thousands, or a few tens, of units per year, compared with several million units for low-power units. Since on the other hand the demand is divided among a relatively large number of manufacturers, it is obvious that notably for the construction of medium or high-power piston compressors, most frequently of the open type, the production series are relatively small if not very small. This accounts to a large extent for the high cost of this equipment, and this high price is also justified by the high-grade metal parts (free of any porosity or cracks, perfectly homogeneous) required for the crankcases and closing members in order to provide the necessary fluid-tightness and bursting resistance.
Now, there is an obvious and pronounced "morphological" analogy between reciprocating thermal engines and compressors, and another obvious fact is the considerable difference, in favour of thermal engines, between the production costs of these two types of machines, this difference being due essentially to the consequence of mass production. The aim of the present invention is to carry out the conversion of a reciprocating thermal engine into a compressor, notably a refrigeration one, in order to take advantage of the low-cost of reciprocating thermal engines as a consequence of the mass production of the main component elements thereof, while adhering strictly to the specific requirements of compressors. This invention consists essentially, while maintaining among the component elements of a reciprocating thermal engine those (notably the most expensive ones: cylinder-crankcase, movable device, oil pump) usable directly in the compressor version, in enclosing the crankcase-cylinder unit in a fluid-tight welded steel and pressure-withstanding container, and providing the necessary functional connections between the crankcase-cylinder unit and the container (compressor drive, operating-fluid suction and delivery fittings, etc).
Thus, this invention is directed in general to a piston-type compressor structure enclosed in a fluid-tight housing, characterized in that its specific compressor cylinder-head is completed by a set of mass-produced internal-combustion engine parts, the compressor being driven through the fluid-tight housing from an external motor.
The compressor is generally secured to the cover of the fluid-tight housing by means of its cylinder-head, either through a connecting member secured to one end of the cylinder-head and by a connecting member provided at the same end of the cylinder block and bearing on the support of the compressor driving members through the fluid-tight housing, or the cover itself consists of the cylinder-head provided with adequate flanges and covers, the other component elements thereof being fastened to said cylinder-head within the fluid-tight housing where they are coupled to the compressor drive means extending through the housing.
Complementary fastening
REFERENCES:
patent: 1800631 (1931-04-01), Hewitt et al.
patent: 1804873 (1931-05-01), Hoffman
Gluck Richard E.
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
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