Television – Bandwidth reduction system – Data rate reduction
Patent
1995-04-12
1999-05-18
Tran, Thai
Television
Bandwidth reduction system
Data rate reduction
348407, 348413, 348416, 386111, 386112, H04N7/12;11/02;11/04;5/92
Patent
active
059055340
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a picture decoding method and a picture decoding apparatus, and a picture encoding method and a picture encoding apparatus, and more particularly to a moving picture decoding method and a moving picture decoding apparatus, which are adapted to decode coded data obtained by transform encoding and predictive encoding to reproduce original picture data, and a moving picture encoding method and a moving picture encoding apparatus, which are adapted to locally decode coded data obtained by transform encoding and predictive encoding to obtain a predictive picture.
BACKGROUND ART
Hitherto, in systems for transmitting video signals of moving picture to remote place, such as, for example, television conference system or television telephone system, etc., or systems for recording video signals of moving picture onto picture recording media such as optical disc, magnetic disc or magnetic tape, etc., and reproducing recorded video signals of moving picture, in order to efficiently utilize transmission paths or recording media, video signals are caused to undergo so called efficient encoding by making use of line correlation or interframe correlation that video signals have to reduce redundancies in the spatial axis direction and in the time axis direction to transmit only significant information, thus to allow transmission efficiency to be higher.
For example, in encoding in the spatial axis direction (hereinafter referred to as intra-frame encoding), e.g., line correlation of video signal is utilized as indicated by A of FIG. 1. In the case where attempt is made to transmit respective pictures PC1, PC2, PC3 . . . constituting moving picture at times t.sub.1, t.sub.2, t.sub.3, . . . , picture data to be subjected to transmission processing is one-dimensionally encoded, e.g., within the same scanning line, or, e.g., picture is divided into a plurality of blocks to two-dimensionally encode picture data of respective blocks to thereby carry out data compression, thus to improve transmission efficiency.
Moreover, in encoding in the time axis direction (hereinafter referred to as interframe encoding), interframe correlation of video signal is utilized. Namely, as indicated by B of FIG. 1, e.g., by so called predictive encoding, picture data PC12, PC23, . . . comprised of differences (so called predictive errors) of picture data every corresponding pixels between pictures PC1 and PC2, PC2 and PC3, . . . adjacent in succession are determined to transmit these picture data PC12, PC23, . . . to thereby carry out data compression, thus to improve transmission efficiency.
Thus, as compared to the case where all of pictures PC1, PC2, PC3, . . . are transmitted, it is possible to transmit video signals by extremely lesser data quantity.
Further, in the predictive encoding in the above-described interframe encoding, in order to allow efficiency to be higher, motion-compensated predictive coding is used. Namely, in the case where, e.g., a person in the center of picture (frame) moves, etc., with respect to an object moving in picture, its motion is detected to correct position of picture data used for prediction in the previous picture (frame) by that motion to carry out predictive coding, thereby making it possible to improve coding efficiency. However, even if such a method is employed, many data must be transmitted with respect to the portion where object moves and appears from behind. In view of this, motion-compensated prediction is carried out not only in the above-described forward direction, but also in backward direction or in both directions as combination thereof, thereby permitting coding efficiency to be higher.
As the representative system of motion-compensated predictive coding as described above, so called MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) 2 is known. MPEG 2 is general name of the moving picture coding system which has progressed in WG (Working Group) 11 of SC (Sub Committee) 29 of JTC (Joint Technical Committee) 1 of ISO (International Standardization Organization) and
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Emoto Seiichi
Fukuyama Takashi
Sumihiro Hiroshi
Frommer William S.
Sony Corporation
Tran Thai
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