Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Extract or material containing or obtained from a...
Reexamination Certificate
2002-10-21
2004-06-08
Tate, Christopher R. (Department: 1654)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Extract or material containing or obtained from a...
C424S725000, C424S728000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06746675
ABSTRACT:
TECHNOLOGICAL FIELD
The present invention concerns compositions having physiological activities, including but not limited to anti-tumor activity and hypoglycemic effects (i.e. blood sugar level reducing effects). More particularly, compositions are taught that comprise active ingredients found in extracts of the fruiting bodies and/or mycelia culture (including the culture solution in addition to the mycelia) of fungi that belong to polyporaceae Basidiomycotina, such as
Ganoderma Lucidum
and/or
Coriolus versicolor
, and extracts obtained from the root of a Araliaceae plant. Methods for making and using such compositions are also taught.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
The fruiting bodies and mycelium culture (which means only the mycelium and the mixture of the mycelium and the culture solution of the mycelium, hereinafter simply referred to as “the culture”) of
Ganoderma Lucidum
, which belongs to aphyllophoral polyporaceae Basidiomycotina, have been known as natural medicines since ancient times. In addition to its various beneficial effects, it has been known that the polysaccharides and other low molecular weight components contained in these medicines have a variety of anti-tumor activities. Also, substances having various physiological activities, including anti-tumor activities, also have been extracted from the fruiting bodies of
Coriolus versicolor
, which belongs to polyporaceae Basidiomycotina.
Moreover, the roots of plants that belong to Araliaceae, including ginseng (
Daucus carota
), and their extracted components, also have independently been used as natural medicines since ancient times, and have been known to have numerous beneficial effects.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Generally speaking, although various therapeutic methods that incorporate treatment and prophylaxis by means of natural medicines are advantageous, because the natural medicines usually do not have adverse unwanted effects, the efficacy of known natural medicines is often minimal. While it has been empirically and experimentally known that both the extracted components of Basidiomycotina and the extracted components of ginseng have useful beneficial effects, combination of these specific components and the consequent synergistic amplification of their physiological activities caused by combining these components have not been known.
The inventors have discovered that compositions comprising extracted components derived from Basidiomycotina and extracted components derived from the roots of plants that belong to Araliaceae have remarkably potent anti-tumor activity. In addition, the inventors have discovered that such compositions can reduce blood sugar levels in hyperglycemic individuals (hereinafter “hypoglycemic effects”). Although not wishing to be bound by theory, the inventors believe that the physiological activities of these compositions may be related to their oxidation-reduction potential.
Thus, in one aspect of the present teachings, compositions are taught that include active ingredients that are found in one or more types of Basidiomycotina that belong to polyporaceae Basidiomycotina and active ingredients that are found in the root of a plant that belongs to Araliaceae. The active ingredients may be synthetically made or may be extracted, for example, from
Ganoderma Lucidum
and/or
Coriolus versicolor
and medicinal ginseng, which may be, e.g.,
Panax ginseng
and/or
Panax japonicus
. The compositions preferably exhibit an oxidation-reduction potential of less than about +1230 mV, when dissolved in an aqueous solution, and more preferably less than about +900 mV. Such compositions may comprise a therapeutically effective amount of the active ingredients of these components. Such compositions may be administered, for example, to patients having tumors and/or to patients having high blood glucose levels.
Although the present teachings specifically contemplate active ingredients extracted from natural products, of course, synthetically made active ingredients that exhibit the herein-described effects are also contemplated.
In another aspect of the present teachings, compositions are taught that include extracted components of one or more types of Basidiomycotina that belong to polyporaceae Basidiomycotina and extracted components of the root of a plant that belongs to Araliaceae. Preferably, the oxidation-reduction potential of such compositions is about +1230 mV or less.
In another aspect of the present teachings, compositions are taught in which
Ganoderma Lucidum
and/or
Coriolus versicolor
is/are the above-mentioned one or more types of Basidiomycotina.
In another aspect of the present teachings, compositions are taught that comprises a therapeutically effective amount of the above-mentioned components. In one representative example, the compositions comprise components extracted from between about 0.5 and 2 parts per weight of the root of an Araliaceae plant and about 2 parts per weight of the above-mentioned Basidiomycotina. Preferably, the components are extracted from the fruiting bodies of Basidiomycotina. The Araliaceae plant preferably belongs to the family of medicinal ginseng and more preferably, the Araliaceae plant is
Panax ginseng
and/or
Panax japonicus.
In another aspect of the present teachings, compositions are taught that may be utilized as anti-tumor agents. In another aspect of the present teachings, compositions are taught that exhibit hypoglycemic effects. Methods of treatment utilizing such compositions are provided.
Various methods of manufacturing such compositions having such physiological activities are also taught. Representative examples are provided, such as obtaining components from a solution having an appropriate oxidation-reduction potential, which solution can be obtained by hot water extraction of one or more types of polyporaceae Basidiomycotina and the root of an Araliaceae plant. Preferably, the one or more types of Basidiomycotina may be
Ganoderma Lucidum
and/or
Coriolus versicolor
. Such components may be extracted in a ratio of about 0.5 and 2 parts per weight of Araliaceae root to about 2 parts per weight of the above-mentioned Basidiomycotina. The Araliaceae root preferably is medicinal ginseng and more preferably is
Panax ginseng
and/or
Panax japonicus
. Naturally, therapeutically effective compositions may be manufactured using different techniques that provide substantially the same effects.
Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be readily understood after reading the following detailed description together with the accompanying claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The active ingredients of the present compositions may be made in various ways, including but not limited to synthesis techniques or isolation techniques. In one preferred method of making the present compositions, the active ingredients are derived from the extracted components of one or more types of Basidiomycotina that belong to polyporaceae Basidiomycotina and the extracted components of the root of a plant that belongs to Araliaceae. Polyporaceae Basidiomycotina includes
Ganoderma Lucidum, Coriolus versicolor
and other related fungi. More preferably, the extracted components can be obtained from the fruiting bodies and/or mycelium culture (including the culture solution in addition to the mycelia) of one or more types of Polyporaceae.
Preferably, the Basidiomycotina is selected from one or more types of
Ganoderma Lucidum
and
Coriolus versicolor.
More preferably, a combination of
Ganoderma Lucidum
and
Coriolus versicolor
may be used. Taxonomical identification of the types of Basidiomycotina used herein is based on identifications provided in “Primary Color Picture Book of Japanese Mushrooms” written by Imazeki and Hongou (Hoiku Co).
One representative example of
Ganoderma Lucidum
is Reishi fungus (
Ganoderma Lucidum
). Although this fungus breeds well on trees in nature, the native fungus is scarce. However, it can also be artificially cultivated. The fungus is glossy and consists of a
Conley & Rose, P.C.
Goino Tadashi
Tate Christopher R.
Winston Randall O.
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