Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Manicure or pedicure compositions
Reexamination Certificate
2001-07-30
2003-03-25
Padmanabhan, Sreeni (Department: 1619)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Manicure or pedicure compositions
Reexamination Certificate
active
06537530
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates generally to cosmetics and cosmetic formulations for external use on the body; and more particularly to novel long lasting nail polishes, lacquers, and enamels that do not include phthalate-containing compounds.
2. Description of Related Background Art
Cosmetics and their use as decorative applications for the human body have been in existence for centuries and are used extensively throughout the world. As a multibillion-dollar industry, cosmetics have many different applications, including the use of lipstick, eyeliner, facial creams, powders, highlighters, and nail polishes or lacquers. Used primarily by women, the extent of cosmetic use is extraordinary, and has made many of the cosmetics producing and marketing firms very profitable endeavors.
The nail polish sector of the cosmetic industry is extremely competitive. New colors, combinations, including clear formulations and variations thereof are constantly being introduced in an attempt by the formulator to get and hold onto a bigger piece of the market share. The scientific research that is poured into these endeavors is considerable and new products and/or brand names are continually being introduced.
Nail polishes are essentially comprised of pigments and/or dyes that are incorporated and suspended in various solvents and bases. The polishes are also stabilized in the suspension to protect the appearance of the product and to prevent the pigments, during the shelf life of the product, from floating, settling, separating, or striating the polish. Nail polishes are also formulated so that the film formed thereby is tough and durable and adheres to the human nail and will not readily crack, chip, peel, splinter, or become brittle after application and during wear. The toughness should last for an extended period of time, thereby enhancing the durability of the nail polish enamel.
Nail enamels conventionally comprise a film forming component, which typically is nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, or a combination of one or both of these cellulosic compounds with a polyurethane or other polymeric compound. Nail enamels have also traditionally included plasticizers, typically a phthalate such as dibutyl phthalate, or camphor, and have also typically included as an adhesion promoter, a polymeric component formed by the condensation polymerization of formaldehyde or other aldehyde, typically an aromatic sulfonamide-aldehyde condensation resin such as o-, &rgr;- toluene sulfonamide formaldehyde resin, or a polyester resin such as phthalic anhydride trimellitic anhydride/glycol copolymer.
It has recently become desirable to produce a nail enamel with reduced amounts of phthalate and aldehyde (e.g., formaldehyde) condensation products, in order to alleviate concerns that some wearers may become sensitive to these compounds or susceptible to uncondensed aldehyde in the nail enamel. It is also desirable to reduce the amounts of any volatile components, as the loss of the volatile component through evaporation causes variability in the performance of the nail enamel. Attempts to formulate such nail enamels, however, have encountered difficulties in attaining the desired properties of the nail enamel, such as long wear, high gloss, resistance to chipping on the nail, and compatibility with other nail enamel ingredients. By reducing the amounts of phthalate and aldehydes, for example, the aforementioned properties heretofore have been adversely affected by changes in the ingredients and the amounts thereof in the nail enamel formulation.
Therefore, there is still a need for a nail enamel formulation exhibiting satisfactory properties that contains no phthalate and/or aldehyde condensation products, while exhibiting superior suspension and stability characteristics for long shelf life duration in addition to high gloss, brilliant color and sheen that does not chip or crack during use and will withstand household chemical and varying temperature environments. There also remains a need for the use of the novel plasticizers disclosed herein, to avoid harm to the user's health or to the environment.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,066,484 to Castrogiovanni et al. discloses a number of formulations including glycerol triesters useful as plasticizers in nail polish compositions. The formulations further comprise a film-forming component, a solvent, pigments and other optional compounds. U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,670 to Castrogiovanni et al. discloses nail compositions comprised of glycerol triacetates and trioctanoates as the plasticizers. U.S. Pat. No. 5,225,185 to Castrogiovanni et al. discloses nail lacquers in which the formulation is free of formaldehyde and phthalate, and the plasticizer is comprised of a copolymer formed by the condensation polymerization of formaldehyde and/or other aldehyde, typically an aromatic sulfonamidealdehyde condensation resin. U.S. Pat. No. 5,227,155 to Castrogiovanni et al. discloses nail lacquers with glycerol triacetylricinoleate and glycerol tribenzoate as the plasticizers.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,133,966 to Khamis discloses nail polish formulations comprising improved pigment suspension systems. More specifically, the suspensions comprise carboxylic acids and their salts with a resin carrier in a buffered coating process that is described as yielding a hydrophobic coating with increased dispersion characteristics. U.S. Pat. No. 5,174,996 to Weber et al. discloses nail enamels with improved flotation, migration, and settlement characteristics, which features are achieved by coating pigments with oxidized polyethylene.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,882,636, assigned to the assignee herein, describes phthalate-free nail polish enamel that includes a film-forming agent, solvents, one or more colorants, one or more suspending agents, adhesion promoters, and plasticizers. The plasticizers used include adipates, pentaerythrityl tetrabenzoate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate, pentaerythrityl tetraacetate, and mixtures thereof.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Briefly described, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a phthalatefree, nail polish enamel composition comprising: a film-forming agent; an organic solvent; a suspending agent; an adhesion promoter selected from the group consisting of: tosylamide epoxy resin, adipic acid
eopental glycol/trimellitic anhydride copolymer, phthalic anhydride/trimellitic anhydride/glycol copolymer, tosylamide formaldehyde resins, and mixtures thereof; and, a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of: trioctyl trimellitate, butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide, benzyl benzoate, dioctyl malate, dioctyl sebacate, and mixtures thereof. The plasticizer is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to about 15.0 weight percent. A coloring agent may also be added as desired.
The film-forming agent is selected from the group consisting of: nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, polyurethanes, acrylics, and mixtures thereof. The solvent is selected from the group consisting of butyl acetate, propyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, butyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. The suspending agent is selected from the group consisting of stearalkonium hectorite, stearalkonium bentonite, montmorillonite clays, treated clays, and mixtures thereof. The coloring agent is selected from the group consisting of D&C and FD&C colorants, inorganic pigments, organic pigments, mica, guanine, and mixtures thereof. Depending upon the application desired, all of the compositions described herein are optionally free of toluene.
In an alternative preferred embodiment, the present invention includes a phthalate-free, nail polish enamel composition comprising: a film-forming agent; an organic solvent; a suspending agent; an adhesion promoter selected from the group consisting of: tosylamide epoxy resin, adipic acid
eopental glycol/trimellitic anhydride copolymer, phthalic anhydride/trimellitic anhydride/glycol copolymer, tosylamide formaldehyde resins, and mixtures thereof; and, butylphthalimide is
Armstrong George H.
Candia Thomas R.
Mui Ronnie F.
Pepe Michelle E.
Duane Morris LLP
Padmanabhan Sreeni
Tevco Inc.
Yu Gina C.
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