Fishing – trapping – and vermin destroying
Patent
1995-12-14
1996-11-26
Weisstuch, Aaron
Fishing, trapping, and vermin destroying
437 5, 437 10, 437 13, 437234, 437247, 437967, 437968, 437 76, H01L 3118
Patent
active
055785026
ABSTRACT:
Provided is a method for controlling electrical properties and morphology of a p-type material of a photovoltaic device. The p-type material, such as p-type cadmium telluride, is first subjected to heat treatment in an oxidizing environment, followed by recrystallization in an environment substantially free of oxidants. In one embodiment, the heat treatment step comprises first subjecting the p-type material to an oxidizing atmosphere at a first temperature to getter impurities, followed by second subjecting the p-type material to an oxidizing atmosphere at a second temperature, higher than the first temperature, to develop a desired oxidation gradient through the p-type material.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4035197 (1977-07-01), Raychaudhuri
patent: 4207119 (1980-06-01), Tyan
patent: 4251286 (1981-02-01), Barnett
patent: 4260427 (1981-04-01), Fulop et al.
patent: 4315096 (1982-02-01), Tyan et al.
patent: 4345107 (1982-08-01), Fulop et al.
patent: 4362896 (1982-12-01), Singh
patent: 4518815 (1985-05-01), Yamazaki
patent: 4532372 (1985-07-01), Nath et al.
patent: 4544797 (1985-10-01), Hewig
patent: 4598306 (1986-07-01), Nath et al.
patent: 4611091 (1986-09-01), Choudary et al.
patent: 4709466 (1987-12-01), McCandless et al.
patent: 4735909 (1988-04-01), Albright et al.
patent: 4937651 (1990-06-01), Yamazaki et al.
patent: 4960721 (1990-10-01), Terashima et al.
patent: 5078803 (1992-01-01), Pier et al.
patent: 5078804 (1992-01-01), Chen et al.
patent: 5112410 (1992-05-01), Chen
patent: 5261968 (1993-11-01), Jordan
patent: 5279678 (1994-01-01), Jordan et al.
patent: 5454885 (1995-10-01), Dudoff et al.
Ikegami, "CdS/CdTe Solar Cells by the Screen-Printing-Sintering Technique: Fabrication, Photovoltaic Properties and Applications", Solar Cells, vol. 23, pp. 89-105 (1988).
Jordan et al., "Large-Area CdS/CdTe Photovoltaic Cells", Solar Cells, vol. 23, pp. 107-113 (1988).
Matsumoto et al., "Properties of Screen-Printed and Sintered CdTe Film Formed on a CdS Sintered Film", Technical Digest of the International PVSEC-3, pp. 695-698 (1987).
Kuribayashi et al., "Preparation of Low Resistance Contact Electrode in Screen Printed CdS/CdTe Solar Cell", Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 22, No. 12, pp. 1828-1831, Dec. (1983).
McCandless et al., "Analysis of Post Deposition Processing for CdTe/CdS Thin Film Solar Cells", Solar Cells, vol. 31, pp. 527-535 (1991).
Nakayama et al., "Screen Printed Thin film CdS/CdTe Solar Cell", Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 703-712, Apr. (1980).
Tyan et al., "Effect of Oxygen on Thin-Film CdS/CdTe Solar Cells", Conference Record, 17th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conf., pp. 840-845 (Oct. 1984).
Uda, et al., "All Screen Printed CdS/CdTe Solar Cell", IEEE, pp. 801-804 (1982).
Uda et al., "Effect of Resistivity of CdS Sintered Film on Photovoltaic Properties of Screen-Printed CdS/CdTe Solar Cell", Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 22, No. 12, pp. 1832-1836 (Dec. 1983).
A. E. Tsurkan et al., "Influence of Interface on the Electrical Behavior of CdSe-CdTe Photovoltaic Cells", Solar Energy Materials, vol. 18, pp. 61-64 (Dec. 1988).
A. Rohatgi et al., "Growth and Process Optimization of CdTe and CdZnTe Polycrystalline Films for High Efficiency Solar Cells", Solar Cells, vol. 30, pp. 109-122 (May 1991).
Albright Scot P.
Chamberlin Rhodes R.
Photon Energy Inc.
Weisstuch Aaron
LandOfFree
Photovoltaic cell manufacturing process does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Photovoltaic cell manufacturing process, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Photovoltaic cell manufacturing process will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1972463